Clinical Features and Correlates of Outcomes for High-Risk, Marginalized Mothers and Newborn Infants Engaged with a Specialist Perinatal and Family Drug Health Service
Table 2
Substance use and treatment during pregnancy.
Characteristics
Result
National data
Primary drug at initial presentation
% Methadone
43.2
—
% Heroin
33.1
—
% Cannabis
8.6
—
% Buprenorphine
5.0
—
% Alcohol
3.6
—
Method of use for primary drug
% IVDU†
34.5
—
Secondary drug at presentation
% A second opiate
20.8
—
% Benzodiazepines
15.1
—
% Cannabis
15.1
—
% Cocaine
5.8
—
Substances used during pregnancy
% Nicotine
84.9
16.6**
% Methadone
74.8
—
% Marijuana
45.0
—
% Heroin
37.4
—
% Benzodiazepines
20.1
—
% Amphetamines
12.9
—
% Alcohol
12.9
—
% Cocaine
11.5
—
% Buprenorphine
10.8
—
% Ecstasy
1.4
—
% Inhalants
0
—
% Polydrug use
91.4
—
Pharmacotherapy for substance use
% Methadone
72.7
—
% Buprenorphine
8.6
—
% Naltrexone/Benzo
1.4
—
% Nil treatment
17.3
—
Communicable disease
% Any type
62.6
—
% Hepatitis C antibodies
59.7
—
% Hepatitis B surface antigen
1.4
—
% Hepatitis C PCR††positive
49.6
—
% Syphilis antibodies
0.7
—
*
value < 0.05; ** value < 0.001. †IVDU: intravenous drug user. ††PCR: polymerase chain reaction (test).
