A Large Cohort Study of Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism in Relation to Gynecologic Cancers

Table 1

Age and age-standardized characteristics of study participants by self-reported hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism at the midpoints (1992 for Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and 1999 for NHSII) of the follow-up periods (NHS: 1976–2010 and NHSII: 1989–2011).

	NHS			NHSII
	No thyroid dysfunction	Hypothyroidism	Hyperthyroidism	No thyroid dysfunction	Hypothyroidism	Hyperthyroidism
Percentage of person-time*	93.2	6.2	0.6	91.6	7.8	0.6
Number	76469	4534	388	88201	7634	622
Age, mean (SD), years	58.1 (7.2)	59.4 (7.0)	57.5 (7.1)	43.8 (4.6)	44.9 (4.6)	44.2 (4.6)
Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m^2	26.0 (5.0)	27.4 (5.6)	26.1 (4.8)	26.3 (6.1)	28.3 (7.0)	26.0 (6.0)
≥30 pack-years of cigarette smoking, %	19.4	16.2	26.8	2.6	2.5	4.8
History of hypertension, %	30.7	36.1	39.2	12.9	18.0	13.0
History of diabetes, %	5.0	7.5	6.6	2.0	4.6	2.3
Parity, mean (SD), number of children	2.9 (1.7)	2.9 (1.6)	2.9 (1.6)	1.8 (1.2)	1.8 (1.2)	1.8 (1.2)
Oral contraceptive use duration, mean (SD), years	2.0 (3.4)	2.0 (3.4)	2.2 (3.5)	4.7 (4.8)	4.4 (4.5)	4.7 (4.9)
Age at menarche, mean (SD), years	12.6 (1.4)	12.5 (1.5)	12.5 (1.3)	12.4 (1.4)	12.3 (1.5)	12.4 (1.5)
Current estrogen only postmenopausal hormone use (5+ years), %^†	4.2	9.2	5.3	0.4	0.8	1.5
Age at menopause, mean (SD), years^‡	49.7 (3.7)	49.7 (3.8)	49.6 (3.6)	46.3 (4.2)	46.0 (4.8)	46.1 (4.0)
Age at last birth, mean (SD), years^∣∣	31.4 (4.4)	31.1 (4.2)	31.3 (4.4)	30.9 (4.7)	30.7 (4.8)	31.2 (4.7)
Tubal ligation, %	16.9	17.8	14.8	19.5	20.7	20.7
History of infertility, %	11.2	14.1	12.6	19.1	21.4	24.2
Family history of breast or ovarian cancer, %	12.7	13.2	12.4	10.1	10.5	10.1
Family history of uterine cancer, %	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.5	2.8	4.1

∗Over entire followup (1976–2010 in NHS and 1989–2011 in NHSII).
†Among postmenopausal women.
‡Among women with natural menopause.
∣∣Among parous women.