Regular Physical Exercise as a Strategy to Improve Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Status: Benefits in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

<table>Evolution of serum MDA (a), SOD (b), uric acid (c), and 3-NT (d) levels between the initial time (8 weeks old) and the final time (20 weeks old) in sedentary control and diabetic rats and in diabetic exercised rats. Data are means ± sem of eight values (rats) per group. Significant differences between sedentary diabetic and sedentary control rats: <svg height="13.825" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 69.787498 13.825" width="69.787498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.062,5.4)"><path d="M433 39l-85 -51q-27 0 -47 20q-16 16 -24 44q-5 -3 -24 -16.5t-27 -18.5t-23 -13.5t-25 -12t-19 -3.5q-52 0 -86 36.5t-34 85.5q0 71 81 99q128 43 155 65v17q0 54 -23 83.5t-62 29.5q-28 0 -45 -19t-29 -66q-7 -23 -29 -23q-15 0 -29 13t-14 30t31 40q25 19 68.5 40.5
t81.5 29.5q49 0 82 -27q45 -39 45 -123v-185q0 -60 35 -60q18 0 36 11zM275 84v156q-12 -6 -49 -23t-41 -19q-31 -14 -46 -31t-15 -43q0 -35 22.5 -55.5t48.5 -20.5q19 0 42 10.5t38 25.5z" id="x61"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,5.286,5.4)"><use xlink:href="#x61"></use></g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,11.137,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x1D443"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,26.657,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x3C"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,41.361,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,49.521,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,53.396,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,61.556,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x31"></use></g>
</svg> and <svg height="13.825" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 83.162498 13.825" width="83.162498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.062,5.4)"><use xlink:href="#x61"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,5.286,5.4)"><use xlink:href="#x61"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,10.51,5.4)"><use xlink:href="#x61"></use></g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,16.35,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x1D443"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,31.887,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x3C"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,46.574,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,54.733,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.609,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,66.768,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,74.928,13.562)"><use xlink:href="#x31"></use></g>
</svg>. Significant differences between exercised diabetic and sedentary diabetic rats: <svg height="16.9625" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 85.512497 16.9625" width="85.512497" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.062,8.537)"><use xlink:href="#x62"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,6.048,8.537)"><use xlink:href="#x62"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,12.033,8.537)"><use xlink:href="#x62"></use></g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,18.7,16.7)"><use xlink:href="#x1D443"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,34.22,16.7)"><use xlink:href="#x3C"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,48.924,16.7)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,57.083,16.7)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,60.959,16.7)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,69.118,16.7)"><use xlink:href="#x30"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,77.278,16.7)"><use xlink:href="#x31"></use></g>
</svg>. MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase; 3-NT, 3-nitrotyrosine.</table>

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

fig2

Figure 2

Figure 2: Regular Physical Exercise as a Strategy to Improve Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Status: Benefits in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 