A Combination of Lipoic Acid Plus Coenzyme Q10 Induces PGC1α, a Master Switch of Energy Metabolism, Improves Stress Response, and Increases Cellular Glutathione Levels in Cultured C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells
Figure 1
(a) Viability of differentiated C2C12 cells following incubation with 250 μmol/L LA plus 100 μmol/L Q10 for 24 h (data are mean + SEM). (b) PGC1 induction in C2C12 cells following incubation with 250 μmol/L LA plus 100 μmol/L Q10 for 6 h in nuclear cell lysates and (c) PGC1α mRNA levels in response to the LA plus Q10 treatment (data are mean + SEM of three independent experiments; *indicates significant difference to the control cells; ; Student’s t-test). (d) The increase in PGC1α is accompanied by an increased PPARγ transactivation as shown in transiently transfected C2C12 cells (data are mean + SEM of two independent experiments; *indicates significant difference to the control cells; ; one-way ANOVA).
