A Combination of Lipoic Acid Plus Coenzyme Q10 Induces PGC1<i>α</i>, a Master Switch of Energy Metabolism, Improves Stress Response, and Increases Cellular Glutathione Levels in Cultured C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells

<table>Molecular mechanisms by which the coadministration of LA plus Q10 may improve skeletal muscle energy metabolism and integrity. LA plus Q10 induce the transcription factor PGC1<i>α</i> which may activate TFAM. Furthermore, LA plus Q10 induce GSTs and genes encoding enzymes involved in GSH synthesis and recycling. Ultimately, LA plus Q10 may increase mitochondrial biogenesis, improve stress response, and increase cellular GSH levels.</table>

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: A Combination of Lipoic Acid Plus Coenzyme Q10 Induces PGC1<i>α</i>, a Master Switch of Energy Metabolism, Improves Stress Response, and Increases Cellular Glutathione Levels in Cultured C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells 

Figure 4 | A Combination of Lipoic Acid Plus Coenzyme Q10 Induces PGC1α, a Master Switch of Energy Metabolism, Improves Stress Response, and Increases Cellular Glutathione Levels in Cultured C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells 