Protein Oxidative Damage at the Crossroads of Cellular Senescence, Aging, and Age-Related Diseases

Table 1

Functional categories of proteins identified as increasingly modified in aging and age-related diseases. Fisher exact test was used and the 𝑃 value refers to the probability that each biological function assigned is due to chance alone.

Function	𝑃 value	Modified proteins
Inflammatory response	3.7𝐸−28	ACO2, ACTB, ALDH2, ALDOA, ARG1, ENO1, GAPDH, HSPA5, P4HB, PDIA3, PRDX1, PRDX6, SELENBP1, TKT, TPI1
Carbohydrate metabolism	6.0𝐸−11	ALDOA, ENO1, ENO2, FBP1, GAPDH, PGAM1, PGK1, PKLR, PKM2, TPI1, ACADM
Nucleic acid metabolism	1.4𝐸−10	ACOT8, ALDH2, ATP5A1, ATP5B, CKM, DPYSL2, GNB1, SCP2, SUCLA2, MDH2
Cell death	1.0𝐸−9	ACAT1, ANXA2, ARG1, ATP5A1, G6PD, G5TM5, HSPD1, SLC1A2, PIN1, PRDX2, PARK7, TUBA1A
Lipid metabolism	6.9𝐸−7	MDH1, MDH2, SDHA, SDHB, OGDH, SUCLA2, ACOT8, FABP4, GSTP1, SCP2
Free radical scavenging	1.1𝐸−7	ALB, SOD1, SOD2, PRDX1, PRDX2, PRDX6, VDAC1, ALDH2, GPX1
Protein folding	6.9𝐸−6	HSP90AA1, HSPA1A, ERP29, HSPD1, HSPA8, HSP90AB1
Amino acid metabolism	5.4𝐸−6	ARG1, DDAH1, IVD, OAT, PAH, CKM, PLOD3
Protein synthesis	5.8𝐸−5	EEF2, GNB2L1, RPS6KB1, TUFM, WARS, CCDC92
Cell migration	8.0𝐸−4	AP2M1, FSCN1, GNB1, TPM1, VIM, ACTB, TAGLN2