NADPH Oxidase as a Therapeutic Target for Oxalate Induced Injury in Kidneys
Figure 2
Seven different NOX isoforms-NADPH oxidase complexes. NOX isoform expression is relatively regulated at different transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational levels under certain pathophysiological conditions. Most of the NOX isoforms have structural similarities to NOX2, with maximum in NOX3. NOX4 is most abundant in the kidneys in various kinds of cells. NOX4 is known to be constitutively active and do not require any subunits. NOX5 is directly activated by calcium. The core subunits of all the complexes (NOX1-NOX5, DUOX1/DUOX2) are shown in blue; their membrane bound subunits (p22phox, DUOXA1 and DUOXA2) are shown in green; the cytosolic subunits which acts as organizers (p40phox, NOXO1 and p47phox) are shown in red; activator subunits of NADPH oxidase complexes present in the cytosol (p67phox and NOXA1) are shown in orange; small GTPases (RAC1 and RAC2) are shown in grey; EF hand motifs are shown in yellow which bind with calcium to regulate the activity of NOX5, DUOX1 and DUOX2 (see text for details).
