Effects of Caloric Restriction on Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Potential Role of Cardiac Sirtuins

Table 2

Seven members of sirtuin family.

Sirtuin	Class	Cellular localization	Enzymatic activity	Target molecules
SIRT1	I	Nucleus, Cytosol, (Mitochondria)	Deacetylase	Histone H3, H4, p53, nuclear factor κB (NF 𝜅B), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-𝛾 co-activator 1 α (PGC1α), forkhead box O transcriptional factors (FoxO) 1 & 3, Notch, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), liver X receptor (LXR), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), sterol-response element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c), p300, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, CREB-regulated transcription co-activator 2 (CRTC2), and so forth
SIRT2	I	Cytosol, (Nucleus)	Deacetylase	α-tubulin, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), FoxO1, partitioning defective 3 homologue (PAR3)
SIRT3	I	Mitochondria	Deacetylase	Long-chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), NADH dehydrogenase ubiquinone 1 subcomplex 9 (NDUFA9), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), cyclophilin D (CypD), acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (AceCS2), LKB1, and so forth
SIRT4	II	Mitochondria	ADP-ribosyltransferase	GDH
SIRT5	III	Mitochondria	Deacetylase; Demalonylase; Desuccinylase	Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1)
SIRT6	IV	Nucleus	Deacetylase; ADP-ribosyltransferase	Histone H3K9, H3K56
SIRT7	IV	Nucleolus	Unknown	Histone H3K18, p53, RNA polymerase I