Red Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. cultivar) as a Potential Source of Antioxidant Anthocyanins for Intestinal Health

Figure 1

Antioxidant activity of WL and RL extracts of Treviso red chicory in Caco-2 cells differentiated in normal intestinal epithelia. The cells were treated with various concentrations of extracts for 4 h and then treated with t-BuOOH (0.5 mM) for 30 min. At the end of incubation, intracellular ROS formation was determined using a fluorescence probe, DCFH-DA, as described in the Materials and Methods section. The values are expressed as percentage of increase of intracellular ROS formation evoked by exposure to t-BuOOH. The values are shown as mean ± SD of four independent experiments (^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01 versus untreated cells, at ANOVA with Dunnett’s Post Hoc Test; ^∘𝑃<0.05 versus cells treated with WL extracts at Student’s t-test).