|
| Reference | Study design | Number of cases/controls | Mean age (years) | Treatment comparison | Risk estimates (95% CI) |
|
| Metformin use: clinical studies |
| Libby et al., 2009 [65] | Population-based, historical cohort study | 771/8170 | 66 | Non-metformin users | 0.6 (0.32–1.10) |
| Currie et al., 2009 [66] | General practices, retrospective cohort study | 373/7897 | 64 | Sulfonylureas monotherapy
Insulin-based treatments | 1.02 (0.71–1.45)
0.93 (0.69–1.27) |
| Bodmer et al., 2010 [67] | Nested case-control study | 17/120 | 68 | Non-metformin users | 0.44 (0.24–0.82) |
| Bosco et al., 2011 [68] | Nested case-control study | 393/3930 | >50 years | Non-metformin users | 0.81 (0.63–0.96) |
| Ruiter et al., 2012 [69] | Case-control study | 207/217 | NA | Sulfonylureas | 0.95 (0.91–0.98) |
| Chlebowski et al., 2012 [70] | Observational cohort | 104/129 | 64 | Other antidiabetic drugs | 0.75 (0.57–0.99) |
| van Staa et al., 2012 [71] | Observational cohort/inception cohorts | 160/86
268/86
184/86 | 63 | Metformin treatment <6 months | 0.73 (0.56–0.96)a
0.91 (0.70–1.17)b
0.82 (0.61–1.10)c |
| García-Esquinas et al., 2015 [72] | Population-based multicase-control study | 24/43 | NA | Duration of metformin use | 0.89 (0.81–0.99) for ER+/PR+ Her2− |
|
| Metformin use: meta-analyses |
| DeCensi et al., 2010 [73] | Meta-analysis of various cancers,
including [65, 74, 75] | | NA | NA | 0.70 (0.28–1.77) |
| Soranna et al., 2012 [76] | Meta-analysis of various cancers,
including [65, 67, 74, 75] | | NA | NA | 0.87 (0.69–1.10) |
| Franciosi et al., 2013 [77] | Meta-analysis of various cancers,
including [65, 67–70, 74, 75] | | NA | NA | 0.71 (0.58–0.88) |
| Col et al., 2012 [78] | Meta-analysis of breast cancer studies,
including [65, 67–70, 74, 75] | | NA | NA | 0.83 (0.71–0.97) |
| Zhang et al., 2013 [75] | Meta-analysis of various cancers,
including [65, 67–69, 74, 75] | | NA | NA | 0.94 (0.91–0.97) |
|
| Thiazolidinedione (TZD) use |
| Bodmer et al., 2010 [67] | Nested case-control study | 12/30 | 68 | TZD long-term users | 1.76 (0.84–3.68) |
| Colmers et al., 2012 [79] | Meta-analysis of various cancers | | NA | NA | 0.89 (0.81–0.98) |
| van Staa et al., 2012 [71] | Observational cohort/inception cohorts | 160/86
268/86
184/86 | 63 | TZD treatment <6 months | 1.04 (0.60–1.80)a
0.99 (0.56–1.75)b
1.09 (0.53–2.22)c |
| Lin et al., 2014 [80] | Population-based retrospective cohort study | NA | 56 | Other antidiabetic drugs
No antidiabetic drugs | 0.22 (0.09–0.55)
0.19 (0.07–0.54) |
| Sun et al., 2014 [81] | Retrospective cohort study | NA | 66 | Sulphonylurea | 0.68 (0.48–0.97)d |
|
