Oxidative Stress and Adipocyte Biology: Focus on the Role of AGEs

Figure 1

Formation of AGEs. AGEs can have different origins such as rearrangements of Amadori products, the latter arising from the glycation reaction. It can also be formed from glycolytic products with an exogenous origin. The glycation reaction mainly affects lysine, arginine, and cysteine residues leading to the formation of the following major AGEs: N^ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), the crosslinker pentosidine, and S-(carboxymethyl)cysteine (CEC) (adapted from [10, 12, 13, 18–22]).