Role of the Lipoperoxidation Product 4-Hydroxynonenal in the Pathogenesis of Severe Malaria Anemia and Malaria Immunodepression

Figure 7

Association of 4-HNE conjugate levels on RBCs with sustained moderate anemia during convalescence. Children presenting with Hb < 100 g/L at their first acute malaria episode were grouped according to their capacity to recover from anemia by increasing Hb levels during convalescence or to worsen their state by decreasing or sustained low Hb levels during convalescence (1 month after acute malaria episode). 4-HNE binding to the RBCs of children was assessed as MFI at acute and convalescence states. Mean MFI-values ± SE during convalescence are plotted for the groups with increasing Hb %; ) and decreasing Hb (%; ) (a). The change in 4-HNE conjugate levels in the RBC membrane during recovery from malaria disease is shown (b). The mean ± SE of the ratio of 4-HNE conjugates measured during convalescence and at acute state is plotted for the increasing (%; ) and decreasing (%; ) Hb groups, respectively (b). The significance of differences between groups is indicated by when . MFI, mean fluorescence intensity; Hb, hemoglobin. This result was originally published in British Journal of Haematology, Blackwell Publishing Ltd. (Aguilar et al. 2014, © John Wiley & Sons Ltd.).

(a)

(b)