Role of Oxidative Stress in Thyroid Hormone-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Associated Cardiac Dysfunction: An Undisclosed Story

Table 1

Changes of endogenous antioxidants in the hyperthyroid hearts.

Antioxidant	Increased	No change	Decreased
Mn-SOD	[25, 43–45]	[46]
Cu, Zn-SOD	[18, 19]	[43, 45, 46]	[25, 44, 47]
Total SOD	[19, 45, 46]		[26]
CAT		[18, 19, 25, 45, 46]	[26, 43, 44]
GPX	[22, 47]	[45, 48]	[26, 43–46, 53]
GR	[22]	[48, 53]	[26]
GST	[18, 19]
GSH	[49]	[14, 24]	[18–20, 22, 50, 53]
Trx and Trx reductase	[22]	[24]
Prx	[22]
Vitamin C			[20]
Vitamin E	[45, 46, 48]	[53]
Co-Q9		[51]	[46]
Co-Q10		[46]
		[52, 53]	[20, 48]

Mn: manganese; SOD: superoxide dismutase; Cu: copper; Zn: zinc; CAT: catalase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GR: glutathione reductase; GST: glutathione-S-transferase; GSH: glutathione; Trx: thioredoxin; Prx: peroxiredoxin; Co-Q: coenzyme-Q; : total antioxidant capacity.