Gasotransmitters in Gametogenesis and Early Development: Holy Trinity for Assisted Reproductive Technology—A Review

Table 1

Examples of S-nitrosylated and/or S-sulfhydrated proteins.

Protein	Sulfhydration site	Sulfhydration effect on function	Nitrosylation site	Nitrosylation effect on function	References
MKP1	n.d.	n.d.	C258	Stability of protein	Guan et al., 2012 [130]
ERK1	n.d.	n.d.	C183 (potential)	Prevention of phosphorylation	Feng et al., 2013 [131]
CDK2	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	Increase of kinase activity	Kumar et al., 2010 [72]
CDK5	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	Foster et al., 2009 [71]
CDC25	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	Loss of phosphatase activity	Foster et al., 2009 [71]; Majumdar et al., 2012 [74]
MMP9	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	Increase of activity	Harris et al., 2008 [78]
PTP1B	C215	Reduction of phosphatase activity	n.d.	n.d.	Krishnan et al., 2011 [88]
PTEN	C71, C124	Maintenance of enzyme activity and prevention of further oxidation by NO	C83	Promotion of survival signal and protein degradation	Kwak et al., 2010 [87]; Ohno et al., 2015 [86]
Actin	n.d.	Increase of polymerization activity	Cys 374	Decrease in polymerization activity and network formation	Dalle-Donne et al., 2000 [100]; Mustafa et al. 2009 [57]; Thom et al., 2008 [101]
MEK1	C341	Facilitation of Parp activation	n.d.	Loss of kinase activity	Ben-Lulu et al., 2014 [73]; Zhao et al., 2014 [61]
Parkin	n.d.	Increase of activity	n.d.	Decrease of activity	Chung et al., 2004 [95]; Vandiver et al., 2013 [96]
GAPDH	C150	Increase of the activity sevenfold	C150	Inhibition of glycolytic activity	Greco et al., 2006 [93]; Hao et al., 2006 [94]; Hara et al., 2005 [92]; Mustafa et al., 2009 [57]