Modulation of Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Oxidative/Nitrative Stress in the Heart

Table 1

Regulation of miRNAs in hyperlipidemia.

miRNA	Regulation of miRNA	Organ	Target	Regulation of target	Role	References
let-7g	down	Aorta	ox-LDL receptor 1	up	ox-LDL cholesterol uptake	[24]
miR-25	down	Heart	NOX4	up	Oxidative stress	[8]
miR-33	up	Liver, macrophages	ABCA1	down	Reverse cholesterol transport	[25]
miR-33	up	Peripheral tissues	ABCG1	down	Reverse cholesterol transport	[25, 26]
miR-33	down	Liver	Fatty acid synthesis	down	VLDL synthesis	[27]
miR-33	down	Liver	Fatty acid oxidation	up	VLDL synthesis	[27]
miR-144	up	Liver	ABCA1	down	Reverse cholesterol transport	[28]
miR-223	up	Liver	HMG-CoA synthase 1	down	Cholesterol biosynthesis	[29]
miR-223	up	Liver	Scavenger receptor B1	down	HDL cholesterol uptake	[29]
miR-208a	up	Heart	MED13	down	Glucose tolerance	[30]
miR-378 and miR-378	up	Liver	MED13	down	Glucose tolerance	[31]
miR-378 and miR-378	up	Insulin dependent tissues	Fatty acid oxidation	down	Obesity	[31]

ABC: ATP-binding cassette transporter; HDL: high density lipoprotein; VLDL: very low density lipoprotein; MED: mediator complex subunit; NOX: NADPH oxidase.