Elevated Levels of Urinary Markers of Oxidative DNA and RNA Damage in Type 2 Diabetes with Complications
Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants.
Variables
Healthy controls ()
T2DM
All
Without complications
With complications
()
()
()
Age, years, mean ± SD†
57.1 ± 12.6
57.2 ± 12.4
57.6 ± 11.7
58.8 ± 11.6
0.12/0.176
Gender (male/female)‡
362/321
364/269
217/149
147/120
0.11/0.288
HbA1c (%)
—
7.90 ± 3.51
8.00 ± 4.27
7.76 ± 1.93
0.129
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)†
5.44 ± 0.75
8.68 ± 3.14
8.90 ± 3.22
8.38 ± 3.02
<0.001/0.03
Triglyceride (mmol/L)†
1.41 ± 0.94
1.64 ± 1.07
1.67 ± 1.08
1.59 ± 1.06
<0.001/0.47
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)†
4.95 ± 0.96
4.59 ± 1.10
4.60 ± 1.00
4.58 ± 1.23
<0.001/0.48
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)†
1.58 ± 0.44
1.38 ± 0.44
1.35 ± 0.38
1.41 ± 0.50
<0.001/0.36
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)†
2.91 ± 0.75
2.67 ± 0.94
2.67 ± 0.84
2.66 ± 1.07
<0.001/0.38
Data expressed as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation or . †Statistical differences between groups tested using unpaired Student’s test. ‡Statistical differences between groups tested using chi-square test. Statistical differences between healthy controls and patients with T2DM. Statistical differences between T2DM without complications and T2DM with complications.
