Equine Metabolic Syndrome Affects Viability, Senescence, and Stress Factors of Equine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells: New Insight into EqASCs Isolated from EMS Horses in the Context of Their Aging

Figure 4

Morphology of EqASCs. The architecture and morphology of the cultures were evaluated on the 1st and 7th day of culture (a). Actin filaments are shown in green and nuclei in white (i, iii, vi, viii). Cell morphology was assessed with a scanning electron microscope at the same time points (ii, iv, vii, ix). showed decreased number of both, filopodia and lamellipodia, as well as decreased production of microvesicles in comparison to control group. Nuclei (n), microvesicles (mv), lamellipodia (lp), and filopodia (fp). TEM images of cell nuclei (V, X). Higher magnification images of boxed regions shown on the right depict heterochromatin underneath the nuclear envelope. exhibited accelerated breakdown of heterochromatin associated with the inner nuclear membrane. Moreover nuclei of those cells were visibly enlarged. Fluorescent images: magnification ×100, scale bar: 250 μm; SEM images: magnification ×5000, scale bar: 5 μm, TEM magnification ×24000, scale bars: 1 μm. Mean diameter of the nuclei (b), the percentage of enlarged nuclei (c), and the amount of heterochromatin (d). Results expressed as mean ± SD. value < 0.05.

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