[Retracted] Nitroxyl (HNO): A Reduced Form of Nitric Oxide with Distinct Chemical, Pharmacological, and Therapeutic Properties

Table 1

Comparison of NO and HNO reactivity with biological reactants [28].

Biological reactant	NO	HNO
NO	No reaction	Forms /HN2O2 unknown chemistry
HNO	Forms /HN2O2 unknown chemistry	Dimerization and decomposition to N2O
O2	Autoxidation leading to nitrosative species, that is, NO2 and N2O3	Forms a potent 2 oxidant that is not ONOO
RSH/RS−	No direct reaction	Forms sulfinamide or disulfide + hydroxylamine
Fe(II) heme	Very stable Fe(II)-NO	Forms coordination complex
Fe(III) heme	Forms unstable electrophilic nitrosyl, first step in reductive nitrosylation	Very stable Fe(II)-NO except sGC
Cu^2+	No reaction	Reduces Cu^2+ to Cu^+ yielding NO
Lipid radical	Yields lipid-NO	Yields lipid-H + NO