|
| Conditions | Cell type | Therapy | Delivery methods | Outcome | Reference |
|
| Acute myocardial infarction | BMC | BOOST (randomized controlled) | Intracoronary injection | Improvement in LVEF at 6-month follow-up, but it failed to sustain the functional enhancement at 18-month and 5-year follow-ups | [33] |
| BMC | REPAIR-AMI (randomized controlled) | Intracoronary infusion | Improved LVEF at 4-month follow-up; improvement of LV function sustained at 12-month follow-up and reduced major adverse CV events | [34–36] |
| BMC | STEMI (randomized controlled) | Intracoronary infusion within 24 h administration | Reduced infarct size, but no significant improvement in LV function at 4-month follow-up | [37] |
| BMC | ASTAMI (randomized controlled) | Intracoronary injection | No changes in LV end-diastolic volume or infarct size at 6-month follow-up | [38] |
| BMC | BALANCE (controlled but nonrandomized) | Intracoronary infusion | Improved LV function, contractility, infarct size, haemodynamics, and exercise capacity at 12- and 60-month follow-up | [39] |
| CD133+ progenitor cells | Small scale; nonrandomized | Intracoronary infusion | Improved LVEF at 4-month follow-up but increased incident of coronary events | [40, 41] |
| CD133+ progenitor cells | Small scale; nonrandomized | Transplantation to peri-infract zone during CABG surgery | Improvements in myocardial viability and local perfusion; no adverse events at 6-month follow-up | [42] |
| BMC and BM-derived CD34+/CXCR4+ progenitor cells | REGENT | Intracoronary infusion | Increased LVEF; no significant differences in absolute changes of LVEF between groups at 6-month follow-up | [43] |
| BM-derived MSCs | Randomized controlled | Intravenous injection | Increased LVEF; improved global symptom at 6-month follow-up; MSCs traps in pulmonary passage in animal model | [44, 45] |
| BMC and circulating blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells | TOPCARE-AMI (randomized controlled) | Intracoronary infusion | Improvement in LVEF at 3-month follow-up; effect of BMC transplantation is greater than CPC; functional improvements sustained for 2 years | [46, 47] |
|
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy | Autologous skeletal myoblasts | MAGIC (randomized controlled) | Injection around the scar tissues | No significant improvement in global and regional LV function; an increase in arrhythmic events in treated patients | [48] |
|
| Chronic heart failure | Bone marrow cells | STAR | Intracoronary infusion | Improvements in LV function, exercise capacity, and oxygen uptake over a 5-year follow-up | [49] |
|
|
Refractory myocardial ischemia | Bone marrow cells | (Randomized controlled) | Intramyocardial injection | Improvement of myocardial perfusion, angina severity, and quality of life at 3-month follow-up | [50] |
| CD34+ progenitor cells | ACT34-CMI (randomized controlled) | Intramyocardial, transendocardial injection | Improvement in angina frequency and exercise tolerance | [51, 52] |
|
| Severe coronary artery diseases | Bone marrow cells | PROTECT-CAD (randomized controlled) | Endomyocardial injection | Improved LV function, exercise time, and NYHA functional class at 6-month follow-up | [53] |
|
