CLOCK Promotes Endothelial Damage by Inducing Autophagy through Reactive Oxygen Species

Figure 2

CLOCK silencing inhibited the effects induced by hypoxia in vitro. (a) HUVECs stably knock down CLOCK, followed by hypoxia treatment for 48 h. Autophagosome was determined by Electron Microscopy. (b) Representative fluorescence micrographs display the expression of LC3 in HUVECs with CLOCK knockdown under hypoxia condition. ((c)–(e)) Cell vitality, apoptosis, and migration capacity of HUVECs after CLOCK knockdown, followed by hypoxia treatment for 48 h. (f) Western blotting was used to detect CLOCK, HIF-1α, LC3, and Beclin1 expression. .