Salivary Antioxidant Barrier, Redox Status, and Oxidative Damage to Proteins and Lipids in Healthy Children, Adults, and the Elderly

Table 1

Clinical characteristics and dental examination of healthy children (aged 2-14), adults (aged 25-45), and elderly people (aged 65-85).

	2-14		25-45		65-85		ANOVA
	Men ()	Female ()	Men ()	Female ()	Men ()	Female ()
Age							NA
Blood count and biochemical tests
RBC (10^6/μL)							NS
Hb (g/dL)							NS
HCT (%)							NS
WBC (10^3/μL)							NS
PLT (10^3/μL)							NS
CRP (mg/L)							NS
Na^+ (mmol/L)	ND	ND					NS
K^+ mmol/L)	ND	ND					NS
ALT (U/L)	ND	ND					NS
Creatinine (mg/dL)							NS
Systemic diseases and medications
Hypertension, (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (6.7)	2 (13.3)	3 (20)	3 (20)	NA
Type 2 diabetes, (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (6.7)	1 (6.7)	2 (13.3)	2 (13.3)	NA
Coronary artery disease, (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (6.7)	1 (6.7)	1 (6.7)	2 (13.3)	NA
Atherosclerosis, (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (13.3)	2 (13.3)	NA
Osteoporosis, (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (6.7)	2 (13.3)	2 (13.3)	NA
<5 drugs/day, (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	3 (20)	3 (20)	4 (26.7)	5 (33.3)	NA
≥5 drugs/day, (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (13.3)	2 (13.3)	NA
Dental examination
NWS flow (mL/min)							<0.001
SWS flow (mL/min)							<0.001
TSP NWS (μg/mL)							<0.001
TSP SWS (μg/mL)							<0.001
DMFT							<0.001
Dmft			NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
PBI							<0.001
GI							<0.001

ALT—alanine transferase; CRP—C-reactive protein; dmft—decayed, missing, filled teeth for primary teeth; DMFT—decayed, missing, filled teeth for permanent teeth; GI—Gingival Index; Hb—hemoglobin; HCT—hematocrit; K⁺—potassium; Na⁺—sodium; NA—not applicable; ND—no data; NS—no significance; NWS—nonstimulated whole saliva; PBI—Papilla Bleeding Index; PLT—platelets; RBC—red blood cells; SWS—stimulated whole saliva; TSP—total salivary protein; WBC—white blood cells.