Potential Role of Nutrient Intake and Malnutrition as Predictors of Uremic Oxidative Toxicity in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
Table 2
Cardiometabolic and malnutrition risk in hemodialysis patients by gender and age.
Variables
Total (), (%)
Women (), (%)
Men (), (%)
value
Adult (), (%)
Elderly (), (%)
value
BMI
Underweight
4 (8.2)
1 (2.0)
3 (6.1)
0.080
3 (6.12)
1 (2.0)
0.262
Normal weight
25 (51)
11 (22.4)
14 (28.6)
12 (24.5)
13 (26.5)
Overweight
20 (40.8)
8 (16.3)
12 (24.5)
14 (28.6)
6 (12.2)
WC
Adequate
34 (69.4)
9 (18.4)
25 (51)
0.002
25 (86.2)
9 (45)
0.002
Inadequate
15 (30.6)
11 (22.4)
4 (8.2)
4 (13.8)
11 (55)
WHR
No risk
31 (63.2)
5 (10.2)
25 (51.3)
<0.001
24 (48.9)
10 (20.4)
0.014
Risk
19 (36.8)
15 (30.6)
4 (8.1)
5 (10.2)
10 (20.4)
AC
Adequate nutrition
32 (65.3)
15 (30.6)
17 (34.7)
0.545
20 (40.8)
12 (24.5)
0.132
Mild malnutrition
9 (18.3)
2 (4)
7 (14.3)
7 (14.3)
2 (4)
Moderate malnutrition
7 (14.3)
3 (6.1)
4 (8.1)
2 (4)
5 (10.2)
Severe malnutrition
1 (2.1)
0 (0)
1 (2.1)
0 (0)
1 (2.1)
AAMA
Adequate nutrition
26 (53)
14 (28.5)
12 (24.5)
0.035
18 (36.7)
8 (16.3)
0.098
Mild/moderate malnutrition
16 (32.6)
6 (12.2)
10 (20.4)
6 (12.2)
10 (20.4)
Severe malnutrition
7 (14.4)
0 (0)
7 (14.3)
5 (10.2)
2 (8.1)
AFA
Adequate nutrition
20 (40.8)
9 (18.3)
11 (22.4)
0.856
12 (24.5)
8 (16.3)
0.068
Mild malnutrition
23 (46.9)
9 (18.3)
14 (28.6)
11 (22.4)
12 (24.5)
Moderate malnutrition
6 (12.3)
2 (4.0)
4 (8.1)
6 (12.2)
0 (0)
mGSA, (%)
Appropriate
3 (6.1)
1 (2)
2 (6.9)
0.517
2 (4)
1 (2.0)
0.785
Risk/mild malnutrition
46 (93.9)
19 (38.7)
27 (93.1)
27 (55.1)
19 (38.7)
GOA
Appropriate
1(2.0)
1 (2.0)
0 (0)
0.447
1 (2.0)
0 (0)
0.222
Risk/mild malnutrition
30 (61.2)
14 (28.5)
16 (32.6)
20 (40.8)
10 (20.4)
Moderate
18 (36.8)
5 (10.2)
13 (26.5)
8 (16.3)
10 (20.4)
BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; WHR: waist-hip ratio; AC: arm circumference; AAMA: adjusted-arm muscle area; AFA: fat arm area; mGSA: modified global subjective assessment; GOA: global objective assessment. In the total sample, values in bold indicated significant association of sex or age with cardiometabolic and malnutrition risk analyzed by Pearson’s chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test.
