Antioxidants as Adjuvants in Periodontitis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 6
Antioxidant effect regarding periodontal indexes.
Antioxidants compared to placebo for periodontal therapy
Patient or population: periodontal therapy Setting: Intervention: antioxidants Comparison: placebo
Outcomes
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI)
Relative effect (95% CI)
No. of participants (studies)
Certainty of the evidence (grade)
Risk with placebo
Risk with antioxidants
Reduction of bleeding on probing assessed with the bleeding on probing index Follow-up: 3 months
940 per 1.000
0 per 1.000 (0 to 0)
Cannot be estimated
163 (3 RCTs)
⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderatea
Reduction of the plaque index assessed with the Silness and Loe plaque index Follow-up: 3 months
756 per 1.000
0 per 1.000 (0 to 0)
Cannot be estimated
243 (5 RCTs)
⨁⨁⨁⨁ High
Improvement of the gingival index assessed with the Loe and Silness gingival index Follow-up: 3 months
1.000 per 1.000
0 per 1.000 (0 to 0)
Cannot be estimated
291 (6 RCTs)
⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderateb
Improvement of clinical attachment loss (improvement of CAL) assessed with clinical attachment loss, in mm Follow-up: 3 months
720 per 1.000
0 per 1.000 (0 to 0)
Cannot be estimated
261 (5 RCTs)
⨁⨁⨁⨁ High
Improvement of probing depth assessed with probing depth, in mm. Follow-up: 3 months
695 per 1.000
0 per 1.000 (0 to 0)
Cannot be estimated
253 (6 RCTs)
⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderateb
The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval. GRADE working group grades of evidence. High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. aThe absence of information regarding the randomization process in Belludi et al., 2013. bHalf of the studies presented selection bias. Comments.
