Antioxidants as Adjuvants in Periodontitis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 7

The role of lycopene.

Summary of findings
Lycopene compared to placebo for periodontal therapy
Patient or population: periodontal therapy; Setting: Intervention: lycopene; Comparison: placebo
Outcomes	Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI)		Relative effect (95% CI)	No. of participants (studies)	Certainty of the evidence (grade)
	Risk with placebo	Risk with lycopene
Reduction in bleeding on probing assessed with the bleeding on probing index; Follow-up: 1 month	808 per 1.000	0 per 1.000 (0 to 0)	Cannot estimated	52 (2 RCTs)	⨁⨁⨁◯; Moderate^a
Improvement of clinical attachment loss assessed with clinical attachment loss, in mm.; Follow-up: 1 month	192 per 1.000	0 per 1.000 (0 to 0)	Cannot be estimated	52 (2 RCTs)	⨁⨁⨁◯; Moderate^a
Improvement on probing depth assessed with probing depth; Follow-up: 1 month	0 per 1.000	0 per 1.000 (0 to 0)	Cannot be estimated	52 (2 RCTs)	⨁⨁⨁◯; Moderate^a

GRADE working group grades of evidence. High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the real effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI); CI: confidence interval). Comments.