A Proteomic Network Approach across the Kidney Stone Disease Reveals Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Crystal-Cell Interaction in the Kidney

Figure 2

Markers and key sensors of ER stress were activated in HK2 cells under COM crystal exposure. The Bip/GRP78 significantly increased from three to 48 hours (a, c), and the CHOP was increased from 12 to 24 hours, after exposure to COM crystals (a, d). Phospho-PERK (P-PERK) was increased to three hours (a, e). Cleaved ATF6 was increased from three to 48 hours (a, f). XBP-1 was decreased to 12 hours and then increased to 24 hours (a, g). The spliced XBP-1 mRNA was upregulated from three hours to 12 hours (b, h). , , and .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)