Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of death globally. Lipoproteins are complex particles that have a central hydrophobic core of non-polar lipids, primarily cholesterol esters and triglycerides, surrounded by a hydrophilic membrane consisting of phospholipids, free cholesterol, and apolipoproteins. Lipoprotein disorders often lead to disease in humans, including atherosclerotic vascular disease in all arterial beds. While the plasma elevation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoprotein(a), and reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are risk factors for coronary artery disorders, severe elevations of plasma triglycerides may lead to acute pancreatitis. In addition, blood lipid profiles are patterned by both genetic and environmental factors.

Oxidative stress is recognized as one of the primary processes underlying the initiation and progression of various disorders. Because of the close interactions of plasma lipoproteins with vascular endothelial cells and the susceptibility of their surface lipids to oxidative modification, plasma lipoproteins are good biological sensors of oxidative stress in the vessel wall. Therefore, understanding the susceptibility of lipoproteins and cell membrane lipids to oxidative modification is essential for preventing the development of related diseases. In recent years, epigenetics has emerged as a paradigm that unifies these disease indicators. Epigenetic patterns associated with lipid traits can predict incident coronary events. While epigenetic findings hold the potential to explain the interindividual variability in lipid profiles as well as the underlying mechanisms, they have yet to be translated into effective therapies for dyslipidemia.

This Special Issue aims to provide cutting-edge original research and review articles in the field of oxidative modifications of lipoproteins, lipid peroxidation, and disease development. In addition, we also invite submissions focusing on the mechanisms driving lipid-associated epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and regulation by RNAs, in lipid homeostasis.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Lipoproteins and cardiovascular diseases
• Lipoproteins and related pathogenic factors of atherosclerosis
• Lipoproteins and related pathogenic factors of coronary artery disorders, including coronary artery disease and coronary artery spasm
• The pathophysiological roles of lipoproteins in various diseases
• The genetic and epigenetic roles of lipoproteins in various diseases
• Epigenetics of lipid phenotypes in coronary artery disorders, including coronary artery disease and coronary artery spasm
• Antioxidants and lipoprotein(a) metabolism in coronary artery disorders, including coronary artery disease and coronary artery spasm
• Potential roles of oxidized lipids and lipoprotein(a) in antioxidant defense of coronary artery disorders, including coronary artery disease and coronary artery spasm
• Lipoprotein(a) as biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases
• Lipoprotein(a) and other pathogenic factors of atherosclerosis