Palaeopopulations of Late Pleistocene Top Predators in Europe: Ice Age Spotted Hyenas and Steppe Lions in Battle and Competition about Prey

<table>(a) Ice Age spotted hyena den types after ethology and landscape and morphology. (b) Hyena prey bone assemblages and (c) prey specialization in mammoth steppe lowland and boreal forest mountains. (d) Ice Age spotted hyenas decomposing in butcher technique a woolly rhinoceros carcass. (e) Ice Age spotted hyena clan hunting Przewalski horse (illustrations G. “Rinaldino” Teichmann).</table>

Paleontology Journal

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Figure 9

Figure 9: Palaeopopulations of Late Pleistocene Top Predators in Europe: Ice Age Spotted Hyenas and Steppe Lions in Battle and Competition about Prey 

Figure 9 | Palaeopopulations of Late Pleistocene Top Predators in Europe: Ice Age Spotted Hyenas and Steppe Lions in Battle and Competition about Prey 