Racial/Ethnic Patterns in Prostate Cancer Outcomes in an Active Surveillance Cohort
Table 2
Characteristics of subjects with prostate cancer (CaP) followed on active surveillance (AS) for primary treatment, stratified by secondary treatment type ().
Secondary treatment type characteristic
None (AS1 only)
AS + RP2
AS + EBRT/Br3
AS + HT4
P value
Age at diagnosis, years
<0.0001
Mean (±SD)5
70.4 (±8.0)
60.7 (±7.9)
69.1 (±7.0)
73.3 (±7.0)
Median
71.7
61.3
69.5
74.4
Range
41.5–91.3
41.3–77.2
48.4–85.5
44.4–91.8
PSA at diagnosis, ng/mL, N (%)
<0.0001
<10
322 (80.3)
98 (78.4)
101 (52.6)
86 (51.2)
10–19.9
49 (12.2)
13 (10.4)
51 (26.6)
40 (23.8)
≥20
30 (7.5)
14 (11.2)
40 (20.8)
42 (25.0)
Race, N (%)
<0.0001
White
333 (83.0)
87 (69.6)
134 (69.8)
142 (84.5)
Black
68 (17.0)
38 (30.4)
58 (30.2)
26 (15.5)
Comorbidities, N (%)
0.0172
0
106 (26.4)
40 (32.0)
48 (25.0)
37 (22.0)
1
115 (28.7)
40 (32.0)
56 (29.2)
53 (31.6)
2
76 (19.0)
30 (24.0)
55 (28.6)
37 (22.0)
3 or above
104 (25.9)
15 (12.0)
33 (17.2)
41 (24.4)
Clinical T stage, N (%)
<0.0001
T1-T2a
330 (82.3)
92 (73.6)
129 (67.2)
109 (64.9)
T2b
38 (9.5)
19 (15.2)
22 (11.5)
17 (10.1)
T2c
21 (5.2)
10 (8.0)
15 (7.8)
22 (13.1)
T3-4
12 (3.0)
4 (3.2)
26 (13.5)
20 (11.9)
Biopsy grade, N (%)
<0.0001
2–6
318 (79.3)
99 (79.2)
119 (62.0)
110 (65.5)
7
61 (15.2)
21 (16.8)
47(24.5)
39 (23.2)
8–10
22 (5.5)
5 (4.0)
26 (13.5)
19 (11.3)
D’Amico et al. risk strata
<0.0001
Low
246 (61.4)
68 (54.4)
61 (31.8)
59 (35.1)
Intermediate
93 (23.2)
33 (26.4)
56 (29.2)
46 (27.4)
High
62 (15.5)
24 (19.2)
75 (39.1)
63 (37.5)
Time from Dx6 to secondary treatment, months
<0.0001
Mean (±SD5)
—
21.8 (±18.7)
25.7 (±21.3)
42.8 (±32.1)
Median
—
14.0
16.7
34.8
Range
—
9.0–121.2
9.0–115.0
9.2–149.6
Followup, years
<0.0001
Mean (±SD5)
4.2 (±3.1)
7.6 (±4.3)
7.2 (±3.9)
7.9 (±3.8)
Median
3.4
7.4
6.4
7.5
Range
0.7–16.5
0.8–17.2
0.8–17.0
0.9–17.2
1 AS: active surveillance. 2 RP: radical prostatectomy. 3 EBRT-BR: external beam radiation therapy and Brachytherapy, combined. 4 HT: hormone therapy. 5SD: standard deviation. 6 Dx: diagnosis of CaP.
