Systematic Review of the Relationship between Acute and Late Gastrointestinal Toxicity after Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer

Table 2

Summary of retrospective manuscripts studying relationship of acute and late GI toxicity after prostate RT.

Study name [citation]	Study design	Toxicity analysis time points		Toxicity grading system		Follow-up duration	Acute/late GI toxicity association
		Acute end	Late start	Acute	Chronic
Zilli et al. 2011 [23]	(i) IMRT 56 Gy in 4 Gy/F (); (ii) Neoadjuvant ± concurrent ADT ()	6 W PTC	6 M PTC	Acute RTOG	Late RTOG	Median 48 M (9–67 M)	No
Fiorica et al. 2010 [24]	(i) 78 Gy in 2 Gy/F, 3DCRT (); (ii) 78 Gy in 2 Gy/F + 6 M AST, 3DCRT ()	TRT	3 M PTC	WHO	SOMA	Median 35 M (9–88 M)	No
Ballar et al. 2009 [25]	74 Gy in 2 Gy/F, 3DCRT ()	6 M PTC	6 M PTC	Acute RTOG	Late RTOG	Median 30 M (20–50 M)	No
Shu et al. 2001 [26]	72.0 to 79.2 Gy, 3DCRT () or IMRT ()	6 M PTC	6 M PTC	Acute RTOG	Late RTOG	Median 23.1 M (10–84.7 M)	No
Cahlon et al. 2008 [27]	(i) 86.4 Gy/48 F IMRT (); (ii) Some had adjuvant 3–6 M ADT	90 D PTC	90 D PTC	CTCAE V3	CTCAE V3	Media 53 M	Yes
Zelefsky et al. 2008 [28]	(i) 66–81 Gy, 1.8 Gy/F, 3DCRT or IMRT (); (ii) Neoadjuvant ADT 3 M ()	Assume 90 D PTC	Assume 90 D PTC	Assume; CTCAE V3	CTCAE V3	Median 8 Y (5–18 Y)	Yes
Jereczek-Fossa et al. 2010 [30]	(i) Definitive RT 76 Gy in 2 Gy/F, 3DCRT (); (ii) Postprostatectomy RT 70 Gy in 2 Gy/F, 3DCRT ()	3 M PTC	3 M PTC	Acute RTOG	Late RTOG	Median 25.2 M (1–129 M)	Yes
Liu et al. 2004 [22]	(i) Prospective database (); (ii) 52.5–72 Gy in 20–36 F, conventional or 3DCRT; (iii) Neoadjuvant (), median duration (5.1 M), concurrent (), adjuvant (), and median duration (11 M)	Assume 90 D PTC	Assume 90 D PTC	Assume Acute RTOG	Modified RTOG/SOMA	Median 49 M (24–105 M)	Yes
Zelefsky et al. 2008 [29]	implantation (110 Gy) followed in 2 M by 50.4 Gy of IMRT in 1.8 Gy/F ()	90 D PTC	90 D PTC	CTCAE	CTCAE	Median 30 M	No

PTC = posttreatment completion, univariate (UV), multivariate (MV), androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and TRT = throughout radiotherapy.
Acute RTOG = Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer acute morbidity rating scale.
Late RTOG = Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer late morbidity rating scale.
LENT = Late Effects Normal Tissue Task Force scale.
SOMA = Subjective, Objective, Management, and Analytic (SOMA) scales.
UCLA-PCI = University of California Loss Angeles Prostate Cancer Index.
RMH scale = Royal Marsden Hospital scale.
EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite.
CTC v2 = Common Toxicity Criteria v2.0.
CTCAE V3 = Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0.
QLQ-C30 = EORTC QLQ-C30 quality of life questionnaire.
QLQ-PR25 = EORTC QLQ-PR25 quality of life questionnaire.
WHO = World Health Organization criteria.