Contribution of Alanine-76 and Serine Phosphorylation in α-Synuclein Membrane Association and Aggregation in Yeasts
Figure 2
Characterization of phosphorylation mutants in TCP1. (a) Western blot of WT, phosphorylation-deficient mutants (S87A, S129A, and S87A/S129A), and phosphorylation-mimic mutants (S87D, S129D). TCP1 lysates were probed with anti-pS129 (top), anti-V5 (α-synuclein; middle), and anti-β-actin (bottom) (). (b) Live-cell GFP microscopy of TCP1 cells expressing GFP, WT, S87A, S129A, S87A/S129A, S87D, or S129D at 24 and 48 hours (top). Quantification: ~750 cells of each type were scored for these localization patterns: cytoplasmically diffuse, aggregate, endomembrane, endomembrane/diffuse, and endomembrane/aggregate (bottom). Phenotypes were plotted as a percent of total cells that fluoresced (). (c) Cells expressing WT, S87A, S129A, S87A/S129A, S87D, or S129D were grown in inducing (EMM−T) media for 48 hours. Vector alone and GFP served as controls. Equal number of cells were serially diluted 5-fold and spotted onto repressing (EMM+T) or inducing (EMM−T) plates and grown for two days (bottom). No phosphorylation-specific toxicity was apparent in either assay ().
