The Role of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Patients with Depression in Parkinson's Disease

Table 1

Summary of studies reviewed focusing on CBT for patients with PD and depression.

Study	Sample size	Intervention	Delivery	Outcome measures
Dreisig et al. [25]*	79 PD: 9 CBT; 70 control	Self-help & tailored CBT	Author (trained)	Psychological Profile Questionnaire, SDS
Dobkin et al. [26]	15 PD; 15 caregivers	Tailored CBT & caregiver program	Clinical psychologist	HAM-D, BDI, IQ, STAI, AIFQ
Farabaugh et al. [27]	8 PD	Individual CBT treatment	Author (trained)	HAM-D
Veazey et al. [28]*	10 PD; randomized into CBT group or support group (control)	Telephone-administered CBT	Author (trained)	MMSE, PHQ-9, BAI, PDQ-39, SCID
Leroi and King [29]	8 PD	Individual CBT treatment	Consultant clinical psychologist	GAS, unreported scales
Simons et al. [30]	22 PD; 14 Caregiver	Educational program with CBT elements	Not reported	SDS, PDQ39, participant evaluation
A’Campo et al. [31]	64 PD; 46 Caregiver	Educational program with CBT elements	Not reported	Dutch version of PDQ-39 and EQ-5D, SDS, VAS
Macht el al. [32]	151 PD	Educational program with CBT elements	Author (trained)	Patients’ ratings of the comprehensibility and feasibility of the programme as well as mood ratings before and after each session
Cole and Vaughan [33]	5 PD	CBT	Author (trained)	BDI-II, GDS15, PDQL
Feeney et al. [34]	4 PD	CBT	Not reported	BDI-II
Dobkin et al. [35]	3 PD; 3 caregivers	Tailored CBT & caregiver program	Not reported	HAM-D, BDI, IQ, STAI, AIFQ
Macht et al. [36]	3 PD	Tailored CBT	Author (trained)	Clinician's Assessment
Fitzpatrick et al. [37]	12 PD	MBCT	Author	Not formal outcome measures; Interpretative phenomenological analysis
Gupta and Bhatia [38]	1 PD	CBT	Author (trained)	Clinician's Assessment
Laidlaw et al. [39]	1 PD	CBT	Author (trained)	Clinician's Assessment

*Studies with a control group.
AIFQ: Adaptive Inferential Feedback Questionnaire; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; CBT: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; CES-D: Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; GAS: Global Assessment Scale; GDS: Geriatric Depression Scale; HAM-D: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; HRQL: Health Related Quality of Life; IQ: Inference Questionnaire; MBCT: mindfulness-based cognitive therapy; MMSE: Mini-mental State Examination; PD: Parkinson's Disease; PDQL: Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire; PDQ39: Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire 39; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; SCID: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV; SDS: Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale; STAI: Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale.