Clinical Study
Risk of Falls in Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study of 160 Patients
Table 1
Demographic and disease characteristicsa.
| | All patients () | Nonfallers () | Fallers () | Testb | value |
| | Age () | 72.0 (9.5) | 70.6 (9.6) | 74.2 (8.9) | 1 | 0.012 | | Male (%) | 52.5 | 47.9 | 53.2 | 2 | 0.884 | | Age at onset () | 63.9 (11,2) | 64.2 (11,1) | 63.5 (11.3) | 1 | 0.682 | | Disease duration () | 8.1 (6.4) | 6.4 (5.4) | 10.6 (7.0) | 3 | <0.001 | | PD subtype at onset | | | | 2 | 0.012 | | TDT (, %) | 100 (62.5) | 69 (70.5) | 31 (50.0) | | | | ART (, %) | 60 (37.5) | 29 (29.5) | 31 (50.0) | | | | Motor fluctuations (, %) | 46 (28.8) | 20 (20.4) | 26 (41.9) | 2 | 0.003 | | Dyskinesias (, %) | 42 (26.3) | 18 (18.3) | 24 (38.7) | 2 | 0.004 | | Hoehn and Yahr | 2.6 (1.0) | 2.1(0,8) | 3.2 (1.0) | 1 | <0.001 | | Hoehn and Yahr (, %) | (I) 21 (13.1)
(II) 63 (39.4)
(III) 44 (27.5)
(IV) 23 (14.4)
(V) 9 (5.6) | (I) 18 (18.4)
(II) 52 (53.1)
(III) 21 (21,4)
(IV) 5 (5.1)
(V) 2 (2.0) | (I) 3 (4.8)
(II) 11 (17.7)
(III) 23 (37.1)
(IV) 18 (29.1)
(V) 7 (11.3) | | | | UPDRS III | 28.8 (15.6) | 23.5 (13.0) | 37.2 (15.8) | 1 | <0.001 | | FOG (, %) | 70 (43.8) | 30 (30.6) | 40 (64.5) | 2 | <0.001 | | FOG questionnaire | 4.5 (5.8) | 2.7 (4.6) | 7.4 (6.4) | 1 | <0.001 | | Activities of daily living | 73.7 (25.3) | 82.1 (19.0) | 60.4 (28.3) | 1 | <0.001 | | MMSE | 26.8 (4.7) | 27.6 (3.8) | 25.7 (5.8) | 3 | 0.038 | | Hypertension (, %) | 62 (38,8) | 38 (38.7) | 24 (38.7) | 2 | 0.993 | | Diabetes (, %) | 16 (10.0) | 7 (7.1) | 9 (14.4) | 2 | 0.130 | | Stroke (, %) | 6 (3.7) | 2 (1.9) | 4 (6.0) | 2 | 0.208 | | Neuroimaging of CVD (, %) | 35 (21.9) | 22 (22.4) | 13 (20.9) | 2 | 0.825 | | Symptomatic orthostasis (, %) | 58 (36.2) | 33 (33.6) | 25 (24.8) | 2 | 0.416 | | Syncope (, %) | 1 (0,6) | 0 | 1 (1.6) | 2 | 0.765 |
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Abbreviations. PD: Parkinson disease; UPDRS: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; FOG: freezing of gait; MMSE: minimental State Examination; TDT: tremor-dominant subtype; ART: akinetic-rigid subtype; CVD: cerebrovascular disease.
aData are mean (SD), absolute numbers, and percentages.
bTest 1 = Mann-Whitney test; test 2 = χ 2 test; test 3 = independent samples -test.
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