Clinical Aspects and Management of Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia

Table 1

Pharmacological characteristics of dopamine agonists.

	Pramipexole	Ropinirole	Rotigotine	Pergolide	Bromocriptine	Cabergoline	Apomorphine	Lisuride
D1	0	0	+	+	−	0/+	+++	−
D2	+++	+++	+++	++++	++	+++	++	++++
D3	++++	++++	++++	+++	++	++	++++	+++
Type	Nonergot	Nonergot	Nonergot	Ergoline	Ergoline	Ergoline	Morphine deriv.	Ergoline
Routes	os	os	td	os	os	os	sc	sc
Metabolism	—	Hepatic	Hepatic	Hepatic	?	Hepatic	Hepatic	Hepatic
Elimin.	Urine	Urine	Urine/fecal	Urine/fecal	Fecal	Fecal/urine	Urine/fecal	Urine/fecal
Half-life (h)	8–12	5–6	5–7	27	12–14	63–69	40 min.	2

td: transdermal; sc: subcutaneous.