Orthostatic Hypotension in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonism

Table 2

Diagnostic approaches to detect orthostatic hypotension in parkinsonian patients.

Diagnostic work-up	Types	Reference
Physical examination	Head-up tilt-table testing (HUT)	—
	Valsalva maneuver	—
Imaging	Cardiac ^123I-MIBG scintigraphy	—
Heart monitoring	Spectral analysis of the RR interval and systolic blood pressure	[22]
Brain hemodynamics	Transcranial Doppler (TCD)	—
	Diamox injection	[40]
	Carbon dioxide test	[8]
	Cold pressure test (CPT)	[41]
Questionnaire	SCOPA-AUT	[30]
	COMPASS	[31]
	NMSS (Completed by physicians)	[53]
	Freiburg Questionnaire	[54]
	Autonomic dysfunction in PD	[55]
	Orthostatic Grading Scale	[27]
	Hobson Scale	[56]
	Mathias et al. (L-threo-DOPS)	[28, 29]