Clinical Features Associated with Frozen Shoulder Syndrome in Parkinson’s Disease

Table 2

Clinical data and shoulder sonography findings among healthy controls and PD patients with and without frozen shoulder syndrome.

	Control ()	PD ()		value
		With frozen shoulder ()	Without frozen shoulder ()
Age	63.71 ± 9.6	64.77 ± 10.3
Sex (male/female)	6/11	14/16
Tendon thickness (mm)
Subscapularis	4.38 ± 1.0	4.95 ± 1.1	5.10 ± 1.2	0.630^a
Supraspinatus	4.42 ± 1.0	5.06 ± 1.1	5.45 ± 1.3	0.184^a
Infraspinatus	3.58 ± 0.6	3.80 ± 0.7	3.24 ± 0.4	<0.001^a
Thickness of bicipital effusion (mm)	1.39 ± 0.3	2.08 ± 0.8	2.72 ± 0.5	0.002^a
Ipsilateral motor
Ipsilateral UPDRS III		14.07 ± 8.8	17.00 ± 7.1	0.210^b
Ipsilateral tremor score (median [IQR])		1 (0, 2)	2 (0.5, 3.5)	0.065^b
Ipsilateral rigidity score		1.98 ± 1.7	2.79 ± 1.6	0.083^b
Ipsilateral bradykinesia score		3.73 ± 2.4	4.37 ± 2.1	0.333^b
Contralateral TRODAT ratio		1.49 ± 0.1	1.28 ± 0.1	<0.001^b

Values are expressed in mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.
^aStatistical comparison by ANOVA.
^bStatistical comparison by independent -test.
PD, Parkinson’s disease; IQR, interquartile range; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.