Relationships among Depression, Anxiety, Sleep, and Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease in Taiwan

Table 1

Characteristics of the participants .

Characteristics	Mean (SD) or n (%)	Range (min–max)
Age (years)	64.98	41–87
Sex
Male	85
Female	49
Work
Yes	65
No	69
Onset age (years)	57.29	29–85
Disease duration (years)	7.86	0–23
MMSE	27.41	24–30
H&Y stage	1.43	1–4
1 & 1.5	108
2 & 2.5	20
3 & 4	6
UPDRS	39.48	4–93
Part I	3.36	0–13
Part II	12.93	1–32
Part III	20.29	2–58
Part IV	3.50	0–18
BAI	12.23	0–45
Normal (0–7)	42
Mild (8–15)	57
Moderate (16–25)	24
Severe (26–63)	11
BDI	12.69	0–51
Normal (0–13)	85
Mild (14–19)	26
Moderate (20–28)	12
Severe (29–63)	11
PDSS-2	18.36	1–72
PDQ-39	37.99	0–135
LEDD (mg)	617.06	0–2395

MMSE: Minimental State Examination; H&Y: Hoehn and Yahr scale; UPDRS: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; BAI: Beck Anxiety Inventory; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; PDSS-2: Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale-2; PDQ-39: 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire; LEDD: levodopa equivalent daily dosage.