Research Article
Relationships among Depression, Anxiety, Sleep, and Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease in Taiwan
Table 3
Differences in the participants’ characteristics according to the severity of depression and anxiety
.
| | | Depression severity | p | Anxiety severity | p | | | Normal (1) | Mild (2) | Moderate (3) | Severe (4) | Normal (1) | Mild (2) | Moderate (3) | Severe (4) |
| Sex | n (%) | 85 (63.40) | 26 (19.40) | 12 (9.00) | 11 (8.20) | | 42 (31.30) | 57 (42.50) | 24 (17.90) | 11 (8.20) | | Male | 85 (63.4%) | 63 (47.01) | 12 (8.96) | 4 (2.99) | 6 (4.48) | | 31 (23.13) | 41 (30.60) | 9 (6.72) | 4 (2.99) | | Female | 49 (36.6%) | 22 (16.42) | 14 (10.44) | 8 (5.79) | 5 (3.73) | | 11 (8.21) | 16 (11.94) | 15 (11.19) | 7 (5.22) | | Onset age | M ± SD | | | | | | | | | | | Current age | | | | | 65.82±9.03 | | | | | | | Disease duration | | | | | | | | | | | | Post hoc | | (2) > ; (3) > (1) | | (3) > (1) | | MMSE | | | | | | | | | | | | UPDRS | | | | | | | | | | | | Post hoc | | (2) > | | (4) > (1); (3) > (1); (2) > (1) | | UPDRS part I | | | | | | | | | | | | Post hoc | | (2) > (1); (4) > (1) | | (2) > (1); (3) > (1) | | UPDRS part II | | | | | | | | | | | | Post hoc | | (2) > (1); (4) > (1) | | ; ; | | UPDRS part III | | | | | | | | | | | | UPDRS part VI | | | | | | | | | | | | Post hoc | | ; | | ; ; (4) > (1) | | H&Y stage | | | | | | | | | | | | Post hoc | | | | | | PDSS-2 | | | | | | | | | | | | PDQ-39 | | | | | | | | | | | | Post hoc | | (4) > (3); (4) > (2); | | (4) > (1); (4) > (2); (3) > (1); (3) > (2); | | LEDD (mg) | | | | | | | | | | | | Post hoc | | ; | | ; | |
|
|
M: mean; SD: standard deviation; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; H&Y: Hoehn and Yahr scale; UPDRS: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; BAI: Beck Anxiety Inventory; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; PDSS-2: Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale-2; PDQ-39: 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire; LEDD: levodopa equivalent daily dosage. Chi-squared test with Fisher’s exact test; Bonferroni post hoc test; , , .
|