http://www.hindawi.comThe latest articles from Hindawi Publishing Corporation© 2012, Hindawi Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2012/142756/In the study presented here deposition of spheres and nonspherical particles with various aspect ratios (0.01–100) in the human respiratory tract was theoretically modeled. Shape of the nonspherical particles was considered by the application of the latest aerodynamic diameter concepts. Particle deposition was predicted by using a stochastic model of the lung geometry and simulating particle transport trajectories according to the random-walk algorithm. Concerning fibers total deposition is significantly enhanced with respect to that of spheres for μm-sized particles, whereby at normal breathing conditions peripheral lung compartments serve as primary deposition targets. In the case of oblate disks, total deposition becomes mostly remarkable for submicron particles, with the bronchioli and alveoli being targeted to a high extent. Enhancement of the aerodynamic diameter and/or flow rate generally causes a displacement of deposition maxima from peripheral to more proximal lung regions. From these findings, it can be concluded that these particle classes may represent tremendous occupational hazards, especially if they are attached with radioactive elements or heavy metals.Robert SturmCopyright © 2012 Robert Sturm. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2012/352543/Bell's theorem, and its experimental tests, has shown that the two premises for Bell's inequality—locality and objective reality—cannot both hold in nature, as Bell's inequality is broken. A simple test is proposed, which for the first time may decide which alternative nature actually prefers on the fundamental, quantum level. If each microscopic event is truly random (e.g., as assumed in orthodox quantum mechanics) objective reality is not valid whereas if each event is described by an unknown but deterministic mechanism (“hidden variables”) locality is not valid. This may be analyzed and decided by the well-known reconstruction method of Ruelle and Takens; in the former case no structure should be discerned, in the latter a reconstructed structure should be visible. This could in principle be tested by comparing individual “hits” in a double-slit experiment, but in practice a single fluorescent atom, and its (seemingly random) temporal switching between active/inactive states would possibly be better/more practical, easier to set up, observe, and analyze. However, only imagination limits the list of possible experimental setups.Johan HanssonCopyright © 2012 Johan Hansson. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2012/879537/The combined effect of a transverse magnetic field and radiative heat transfer on unsteady flow of a conducting optically thin viscoelastic fluid through a channel filled with saturated porous medium and nonuniform walls temperature has been discussed. It is assumed that the fluid has small electrical conductivity and the electromagnetic force produced is very small. Closed-form analytical solutions are constructed for the problem. The effects of the radiation and the magnetic field parameters on velocity profile and shear stress for different values of the viscoelastic parameter with the combination of the other flow parameters are illustrated graphically, and physical aspects of the problem are discussed.Rita Choudhury and Utpal Jyoti DasCopyright © 2012 Rita Choudhury and Utpal Jyoti Das. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2012/469095/We review the fundamental results of a new cosmological model, based on conformal gravity, and apply them to the analysis of the early data of the Pioneer anomaly. We show that our conformal cosmology can naturally explain the anomalous acceleration of the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecrafts, in terms of a local blueshift region extending around the solar system and therefore affecting the frequencies of the navigational radio signals exchanged between Earth and the spacecraft. By using our model, we explain the numerical coincidence between the value of the anomalous acceleration and the Hubble constant at the present epoch and also confirm our previous determination of the cosmological parameters γ∼10−28 cm−1 and δ~10-4–10-5. New Pioneer data are expected to be publicly available in the near future, which might enable more precise evaluations of these parameters.Gabriele U. VarieschiCopyright © 2012 Gabriele U. Varieschi. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/437093/In this investigation we show that the entropy of the two-dimensional infinite-state Potts model is linear in configurational energy in the thermodynamic limit. This is a direct consequence of the local convexity of the microcanonical entropy, associated with a finite system undergoing a first-order transition. For a sufficiently large number of states q, this convexity spans the entire energy range of the model. In the thermodynamic limit, the convexity becomes insignificant, and the microcanonical entropy (the logarithm of the density of states) tends to a straight line. In order to demonstrate the behaviour of the convexity, we use the Wang-Landau Monte-Carlo technique to numerically calculate the density of states for a few finite but high values of q. Finally, we calculate the free energy and discuss the generality of our results.Jonas Johansson and Mats-Erik PistolCopyright © 2011 Jonas Johansson and Mats-Erik Pistol. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/103893/The nonlinear normal mode dynamics is likely to be modified due to nonlinear, dissipative, and dispersive mechanisms in solar plasma system. Here we apply a plasma-based gravitoelectrostatic sheath (GES) model for the steady-state description of the nonlinear normal mode behavior of the gravitoacoustic wave in field-free quasineutral solar plasma. The plasma-boundary wall interaction process is considered in global hydrodynamical homogeneous equilibrium under spherical geometry approximation idealistically. Accordingly, a unique form of KdV-Burger (KdV-B) equation in the lowest-order perturbed GES potential is methodologically obtained by standard perturbation technique. This equation is both analytically and numerically found to yield the GES nonlinear eigenmodes in the form of shock-like structures. The shock amplitudes are determined (~0.01 V) at the solar surface and beyond at 1 AU as well. Analytical and numerical calculations are in good agreement. The obtained results are compared with those of others. Possible results, discussions, and main conclusions relevant to astrophysical context are presented.P. K. KarmakarCopyright © 2011 P. K. Karmakar. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/379604/Modal interpretations are non-collapse interpretations, where the quantum state of a system describes its possible properties rather than the properties that it actually possesses. Among them, the atomic modal interpretation (AMI) assumes the existence of a special set of disjoint systems that fixes the preferred factorization of the Hilbert space. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the AMI and our recently presented modal-hamiltonian interpretation (MHI), by showing that the MHI can be viewed as a kind of “atomic” interpretation in two different senses. On the one hand, the MHI provides a precise criterion for the preferred factorization of the Hilbert space into factors representing elemental systems. On the other hand, the MHI identifies the atomic systems that represent elemental particles on the basis of the Galilei group. Finally, we will show that the MHI also introduces a decomposition of the Hilbert space of any elemental system, which determines with precision what observables acquire definite actual values.Juan Sebastián Ardenghi and Olimpia LombardiCopyright © 2011 Juan Sebastián Ardenghi and Olimpia Lombardi. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/782172/The propagation of a cylindrical (or spherical) shock wave in an ideal gas with azimuthal magnetic field and with or without self-gravitational effects is investigated. The shock wave is driven out by a piston moving with time according to power law. The initial density and the initial magnetic field of the ambient medium are assumed to be varying and obeying power laws. Solutions are obtained, when the flow between the shock and the piston is isothermal. The gas is assumed to have infinite electrical conductivity. The shock wave moves with variable velocity, and the total energy of the wave is nonconstant. The effects of variation of the piston velocity exponent (i.e., variation of the initial density exponent), the initial magnetic field exponent, the gravitational parameter, and the Alfven-Mach number on the flow field are obtained. It is investigated that the self-gravitation reduces the effects of the magnetic field. A comparison is also made between gravitating and nongravitating cases.G. Nath and A. K. SinhaCopyright © 2011 G. Nath and A. K. Sinha. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/734543/We study the effects of a dark matter component that consists of bosonic particles with ultralight masses in the condensed state. We compare previous studies for both noninteracting condensates and with repulsive two-body terms and show consistency between the proposals. Furthermore, we explore the effects of rotation on a superfluid dark matter condensate, assuming that a vortex lattice is formed as seen in ultracold atomic gas experiments. The influence of such a lattice in virialization of gravitationally bound structures and on galactic rotation velocity curves is explored. With fine-tuning of the bosonic particle mass and the two-body repulsive interaction strength, we find that one can have substructure on rotation curves that resembles some observations in spiral galaxies. This occurs when the dark matter halo has an array of hollow cylinders. This can cause oscillatory behavior in the galactic rotation curves in similar fashion to the well-known effect of the spiral arms. We also consider how future experiments and numerical simulations with ultracold atomic gases could tell us more about such exotic dark matter proposals.N. T. ZinnerCopyright © 2011 N. T. Zinner. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/128429/The neutron production in thick targets irradiated with 1 GeV protons was studied experimentally, and results are well understood with model calculations, including MCNPX 2.7a. However, one observes very large neutron production rates in the interaction of 44 GeV 12C onto thick Cu-, Pb-, and U-targets beyond calculated rates. The experimental spallation product yield curve in a 20 cm thick Cu target irradiated with 72 GeV 40Ar also cannot be reproduced by several model codes, including MCNPX 2.7a. This may be due to secondary fragments produced in high energy (Ekinetic>10 GeV) heavy-ion interactions which destroy target nuclei more effectively than primary ions. These observed experimental facts constitute “unresolved problems” from a fundamental point of view. It may have an impact on radiation protection issues for future heavy-ion accelerators.S. R. Hashemi-Nezhad, M. Zamani-Valasiadou, M. I. Krivopustov, R. Brandt, W. Ensinger, R. Odoj, and W. WestmeierCopyright © 2011 S. R. Hashemi-Nezhad et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/387351/Using the Minkowski relativistic 4-vector formalism, based on Einstein's equation, and the relativistic thermodynamics asynchronous formulation (Grøn (1973)), the isothermal compression of an ideal gas is analyzed, considering an electromagnetic origin for forces applied to it. This treatment is similar to the description previously developed by Van Kampen (van Kampen (1969)) and Hamity (Hamity (1969)). In this relativistic framework Mechanics and Thermodynamics merge in the first law of relativistic thermodynamics expressed, using 4-vector notation, such as ΔUμ  =  Wμ  +  Qμ, in Lorentz covariant formulation, which, with the covariant formalism for electromagnetic forces, constitutes a complete Lorentz covariant formulation for classical physics.J. GüémezCopyright © 2011 J. Güémez. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/786849/The binary mixtures of nematogenic compounds 4-n-pentyl phenyl 4-n′-hexyloxy benzoate (ME6O.5) and 4-cyanophenyl 4-heptyl benzoate (CPHB) show the presence of induced smectic phase. In the present paper we report the phase diagram of the binary system (ME6O.5+CPHB) obtained by polarizing optical microscopy as well as the results of X-ray diffraction and static dielectric permittivity measurements on the system throughout the entire composition range. The observed variation of dielectric anisotropy with molar concentration in the induced smectic phase region is explained by assuming molecular associations in the mixture which is supported by our measurements of layer spacing in the induced smectic phase by X-ray diffraction studies.Suchismita Datta Sarkar and Basana ChoudhuryCopyright © 2011 Suchismita Datta Sarkar and Basana Choudhury. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/874302/Penrose fractal tiling is one of the simplest generic examples for a noncommutative space. In the present work, we determine the Hausdorff dimension corresponding to a four-dimensional analogue of the so-calledPenrose Universe and show how it could be used in resolving various fundamental problems in high energy physics and cosmology.L. Marek-CrnjacCopyright © 2011 L. Marek-Crnjac. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/395182/Lead-free alkaline niobate-based piezoceramics, (Na0.52K0.435Li0.045)Nb0.87Sb0.08Ta0.05O3 (abbreviated KNLNT-S8), were prepared by conventional solid-state sintering method. The effects of sintering temperature on microstructure and piezoelectric properties of the (Li, Sb, Ta)-modified (Na, K) NbO3 were investigated. Microstructure of the samples sintered at different temperatures was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. The KNLNT-S8 sample sintered at 1100°C possessed highest piezoelectric constant d33 and high-field piezoelectric strain coefficient d33* of 332 pC/N and 530 pm/V, respectively, with electromechanical coupling factors kp of 0.52 and kt of 0.48.Peng Qi, Juan Du, and Guozhong ZangCopyright © 2011 Peng Qi et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/536183/First principles computations of second-order elastic constants (SOECs) and bulk moduli (B) are carried out by ELASTCON and equation of state (EOS) programs. Computational results of lattice parameters, elastic constants, and bulk moduli are obtained with a wide variety of potentials and a limited combination of basis sets and are compared with computational and experimental results by other researchers in the field. DFT hybrid potentials provided the best comparison with the experiment.Ghous Narejo and Warren F. PergerCopyright © 2011 Ghous Narejo and Warren F. Perger. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/930406/Thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) technique has been applied to investigate the dielectric properties of the HCl-doped ice. Three TSDC peaks were found from HCl-doped ice as well as ice of pure water. Among three peaks, the α and γ peaks are affected strongly by the concentrations of HCl. We found that the pH numbers are linearly proportioned to the ratios of the areas of the peaks. The relation between xα (the ratio of the area of α peak to the area of β peak) and pHHCl,α was found to be pHHCl,α=7.77−2.86xα. This result suggests the possibility of the development of an apparatus to measure the pH number of acid contaminated water. The activation energies correspond to depolarization processes reflected in the α, β, and γ peaks that were found to be 267±19 meV, 431±30 meV, and 635±44 meV, respectively.Yoon Young ChoiCopyright © 2011 Yoon Young Choi. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/496057/The effects of pressure drops on the performance characteristics of the air standard Otto cycle are reported. The pressure drops are assumed as constant values independent of the engine size. It has been shown that the pressure drops to about 60% of the maximum pressure in the ideal cycle (Curto-Risso et al., 2008). Three different models are studied: constant pressure model, reversible adiabatic expansion model and polytropic expansion model. The findings of this study show that, at this level of pressure drop, the maximum efficiency of the Otto cycle is reduced by 15% approximately based on the constant pressure model. The combined effect of pressure drop with other modes of irreversibility, for example, internal irreversibility and heat leaks, could reduce the maximum efficiency into very low values (approximately 30%). The reversible adiabatic model predicts reduction of 13% in efficiency at 40% pressure drop levels but at the price of zero power production. On the other hand, the polytropic expansion model predicts 40% reduction in efficiency for the same level of pressure drop (40%). All three models show that the power output is very sensitive to pressure drop.Mahmoud HuleihilCopyright © 2011 Mahmoud Huleihil. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/643738/The fundamentals of precessing ball solitons (PBS), arising as a result of the energy fluctuations during spin-flop phase transition induced by a magnetic field in antiferromagnets with uniaxial anisotropy, are presented. The PBS conditions exist within a wide range of amplitudes and energies, including negative energies relative to an initial condition. For each value of the magnetic field, there exists a precession frequency for which a curve of PBS energy passes through a zero value (in bifurcation point), and hence, in the vicinity of this point the PBS originate with the highest probability. The characteristics of PBS, including the time dependences of configuration, energy, and precession frequency, are considered. As a result of dissipation, the PBS transform into the macroscopic domains of a new phase.V. V. NietzCopyright © 2011 V. V. Nietz. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/350540/The ultrasonic properties like ultrasonic attenuation, sound velocity in the hexagonal Zr100-XSnX alloys have been studied along unique axis at room temperature. The second- and third-order elastic constants (SOEC & TOEC) have been calculated for these alloys using Lennard-Jones potential. The velocities VL and VS1 have minima and maxima, respectively, at 45° with unique axis of the crystal, while VS2 increases with the angle from unique axis. The inconsistent behaviour of angle-dependent velocities is associated to the action of second-order elastic constants. Debye average sound velocities of these alloys are increasing with the angle and has maximum at 55° with unique axis at room temperature. Hence, when a sound wave travels at 55° with unique axis of these alloys, then the average sound velocity is found to be maximum. The mechanical and ultrasonic properties of these alloys will be better than pure Zr and Sn due to their high SOEC and ultrasonic velocity and low ultrasonic attenuation. The comparison of calculated ultrasonic parameters with available theoretical/experimental physical parameters gives information about classification of these alloys.Pramod Kumar YadawaCopyright © 2011 Pramod Kumar Yadawa. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/505091/Using the effective-mass approximation method, and Floquet theory, we study the spin transport characteristics through a curved quantum nanowire. The spin polarization, P, and the tunneling magnetoresistance, TMR, are deduced under the effect of microwave and infrared radiations of wide range of frequencies. The results show an oscillatory behavior of both the spin polarization and the tunneling magnetoresistance. This is due to Fano-type resonance and the interplay between the strength of spin-orbit coupling and the photons in the subbands of the one-dimensional nanowire. The present results show that this investigation is very important, and the present device might be used to be a sensor for small strain in semiconductor nanostructures and photodetector.Walid A. Zein, Nabil A. Ibrahim, and Adel H. PhillipsCopyright © 2011 Walid A. Zein et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/186704/A simple and straightforward theoretical model is developed to investigate the elastic properties of alkaline earth oxides under the effect of temperature as well as pressure. The calculation is performed with the help of high pressure-high temperature equation of state based on thermodynamic analysis. The anharmonic term arising due to thermal expansion has been taken into account in the expansion of logarithmic series of the thermodynamic data. The results obtained for alkaline earth oxides are discussed and compared with experimental data under the combined effect of high temperature and high pressure. The results are found to be in good agreement with available experimental results.Seema Gupta, S. P. Singh, and S. C. GoyalCopyright © 2011 Seema Gupta et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/796318/A higher yield of rare isotope production methods, for example, isotope separation on-line (ISOL), is expected to be developed for the EURISOL facility. In this paper as a part of the ongoing project, high power-target assembly and passive detector inclusion are given. Theoretical calculations of several configurations were done using Monte Carlo code FLUKA aimed to produce 1015 fiss/s on LEU-Cx target. The proposed radioactive ion beam (RIB) production relies on a high-power (4 MW) multibody target; a complete target design is given. Additionally we explore the possibility to employ PADC passive detector as a complementary system for RIB characterization, since these already demonstrated their importance in nuclear interactions phenomenology. In fact, information and recording rare and complex reaction product or short-lived isotope detection is obtained in an integral form through latent track formation. Some technical details on track formation and PADC detector etching conditions complete this study.J. Bermudez, L. Sajo-Bohus, L. Tecchio, J. K. Palfalvi, and D. PalaciosCopyright © 2011 J. Bermudez et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/583420/The AC conductivity and dielectric parameters of the glassy system of (70-x) V2O5· x(Zn/Pb)· 10SrO · 20FeO (x = 0, 5, 10, and 15) glasses have been investigated. The frequency and temperature dependence of dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss (ε′′) is studied in the frequency range 100 Hz–5 MHz and in the temperature range 300–460 K. Dielectric dispersion is observed in all samples as Zn/Pb increase content in the (70-x)V2O5· x(Zn/Pb)·10SrO·20FeO systems. These results are explained on the basis of a Debye-type relaxation. It is also observed that the activation energy increases on increasing the Zn/Pb contents in this system.M. S. Aziz, A. G. Mostafa, A. M. Youssef, and S. M. S. YoussifCopyright © 2011 M. S. Aziz et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/705686/Recently, it was shown that relative yields of X-rays induced by ion impact are not constant but depend on beam energy. In the framework of this problem, pellets of Gd2O3 and a Gd chelate, Gd-DOTA, as well as a 5 nm in diameter Gd2O3 nanoparticles dispersion on a polycarbonate Nuclepore filter, were studied. In this work, it is shown that after subtraction of known matrix effects, relative yield variations still present different patterns for Gd2O3 pellet and Gd2O3 nanoparticles. Proton NMRD T1(ω) data for Gd2O3 nanoparticles and Gd-DOTA water solutions published by Bridot et al. and Toth et al., respectively, were reproduced using a model for paramagnetic substances in water solutions and identical electronic relaxation times. The analysis of both techniques results points collective electron behaviour as the explanation for the different observations on X-ray data of Gd2O3 nanoparticles and bulk material.A. Taborda, M. A. Reis, P. C. Chaves, and A. CarvalhoCopyright © 2011 A. Taborda et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/156396/The paper describes two different approaches to ultrasonic measurements of temperature in aqueous solutions. The first approach uses two narrowband ultrasonic transducers and support electronics that form an oscillating sensor which output frequency is related to the measured temperature. This low-cost sensor demonstrated sensitivity of about 40 Hz/K at the distance of 190 mm and the operating frequency of about 25 kHz. The second approach utilised pulse-echo mode at the centre frequency of 20 MHz. The reflector featured a cavity that was filled with deionised water. The ultrasound propagation delay in the cavity was related to the temperature in the solution. The experiments were conducted for deionised water, and solutions of sodium persulfate, sodium chloride, and acetic acid with concentrations up to 0.5 M. In the experiments (conducted within the temperature range from 15 to 30°C), we observed increases in the ultrasound velocity for increased temperatures and concentrations as was expected. Measurement results were compared with literature data for pure and seawater. It was concluded that ultrasonic measurements of temperature were conducted with the resolution well below 0.1 K for both methods. Advantages of ultrasonic temperature measurements over conventional thermometers were discussed.A. Afaneh, S. Alzebda, V. Ivchenko, and A. N. KalashnikovCopyright © 2011 A. Afaneh et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/123492/In previous articles we reported through theoretical studies the piezoelectric effect in BaTiO3, SmTiO3, and YFeO3. In this paper, we used the Douglas-Kroll-Hess (DKH) second-order scalar relativistic method to investigate the piezoelectricity in YTiO3. In the calculations we used the [6s4p] and [10s5p4d] Gaussian basis sets for the O (3P) and Ti (5S) atoms, respectively, from the literature in combination with the (30s21p16d)/[15s9p6d] basis set for the Y (3D) atom, obtained by generator coordinate Hartree-Fock (GCHF) method, and they had their quality evaluated using calculations of total energy and orbital energies (HOMO and HOMO-1) of the 2TiO+1 and 1YO+1 fragments. The dipole moment, the total energy, and the total atomic charges in YTiO3 in Cs space group were calculated. When we analyze those properties we verify that it is reasonable to believe that YTiO3 does not present piezoelectric properties.Raimundo Dirceu de Paula Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Barros dos Santos, Maycon da Silva Lobato, Jardel Pinto Barbosa, Marcio de Souza Farias, Antonio Florêncio de Figueiredo, José Ciríaco Pinheiro, Oswaldo Treu-Filho, and Rogério Toshiaki KondoCopyright © 2011 Raimundo Dirceu de Paula Ferreira et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/451670/A geminate reaction between A and B reactants affected by the bulk reaction between B and scavengers C is discussed. The exact solution of the problem obtained recently for randomly walking B reactant (excess electron) is compared with the superposition approximation commonly used to interpret experimental data. Distinctions related to the important role of time correlations between geminate and bulk reactions are analyzed. The largest deviations exponentially growing in time are observed for geminate reaction rate in the presence of scavengers. It is shown that superposition approximation can decrease essentially the ultimate probability of geminate recombination. The difference is great enough to lead to qualitatively incorrect description of the experiment even at small concentration of scavengers. This, in turn, may give rise to considerable errors in the determination of geminate pair parameters or, alternatively, to the wrong information about bulk kinetics of electron scavenging.S. G. Fedorenko, A. A. Kipriyanov, and A. B. DoktorovCopyright © 2011 S. G. Fedorenko et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/513848/The effect of hydrostatic pressure (up to 0.82 GPa) on the electric properties of chain TlGaTe2 single crystals has been investigated in the temperature range 77–296 K. It has been shown that pressure leads to a considerable increase of conductivity (σ⊥) across the chains of TlGaTe2 single crystals. Parameters of localized states in the band gap of TlGaTe2 single crystal according to the low-temperature electrical measurements were obtained at various pressures.Solmaz N. Mustafaeva, Shafag G. Gasymov, Elmira M. Kerimova, and MirSalim M. AsadovCopyright © 2011 Solmaz N. Mustafaeva et al. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/679175/Ohm's law models have been used in several works in geophysical prospecting but have never been used for coral reef. We adapted such a model to the barrier reef of Papeete (Tahiti island) in order to estimate of its thermal conductivity. We found the thermal conductivity of the barrier reef is about four times greater than that of the water. The results are then validated by the mean of experimental measurements.Alessio GuarinoCopyright © 2011 Alessio Guarino. All rights reserved.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/phys/2011/645264/A perturbative expression for the self diffusion coefficient is derived by considering that the particles are executing anharmonic vibrations around the sites with local potential minima and jump to neighbor sites after a certain waiting time. The derived expression is a natural extension of the expression obtained by Zwanzig that assumes harmonic oscillations. The relation between the low frequency oscillation and the deviation from the harmonic behavior is also shown.Takaki Indoh and Masaru AniyaCopyright © 2011 Takaki Indoh and Masaru Aniya. All rights reserved.