Gradual Increase of High Mobility Group Protein B1 in the Lungs after the Onset of Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Figure 2
Immunohistochemical HMGB1 expression in lung tissues. (a) Intense cytoplasmic and nuclear staining HMGB1 was observed in alveolar macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells in the lungs of patients with IPF who died after acute exacerbation (HMGB1 in brown, bar = 50 μm). (b) and (c) The immunoreactive cells for HMGB1 were distributed in the alveolar damaged lesions in which the alveolar capillaries were increased (CD34 in red and HMGB1 in brown; scale bars: 100 μm in (b) and 50 μm in (c)). (d) In the surgical lung biopsies of the IPF patients (d) revealed only nuclear staining for HMGB1 (HMGB1 in brown; scale bar: 50 μm). The sections were counterstained with Elastica-Goldner staining, showing the elastic fibers in purple and collagen in light blue ((b)–(d)).
