Pulmonary Hypertension in Pregnancy: Critical Care Management
Table 3
Clinical classification of congenital systemic-to-pulmonary shunts associated with PAH.
A. Eisenmenger syndrome
Includes all systemic-to-pulmonary shunts resulting from large defects that lead to severely increased PVR and a reversed or bidirectional shunt: multiple-organ involvement are present
B. PAH associated with systemic-to-pulmonary shunts
Includes moderate to large defects: PVR is mildly to moderately increased, systemic-to-pulmonary shunt is still prevalent, no cyanosis at rest
C. PAH with small defects
Small defects (usually VSD <1 cm and ASD <2 cm): clinical picture is similar to idiopathic PAH
D. PAH after corrective cardiac surgery
Congenital heart disease has been corrected, but PAH is still present without significant postoperative residual lesions
