Therapeutic Potential of Retinoid X Receptor Modulators for the Treatment of the Metabolic Syndrome

Pinaire, Jane A.; Reifel-Miller, Anne

doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/94156

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Volume 2007 | Article ID 094156 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/94156

Therapeutic Potential of Retinoid X Receptor Modulators for the Treatment of the Metabolic Syndrome

Jane A. Pinaire¹and Anne Reifel-Miller¹

Academic Editor: Sander Kersten

Received02 Nov 2006

Revised04 Jan 2007

Accepted04 Jan 2007

Published28 Mar 2007

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of obesity is a fundamental contributor to the growing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. Rexinoids, a class of compounds that selectively bind and activate RXR, are being studied as a potential option for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. These compounds have glucose-lowering, insulin-sensitizing, and antiobesity effects in animal models of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, undesirable side effects such as hypertriglyceridemia and suppression of the thyroid hormone axis also occur. This review examines and compares the effects of four RXR-selective ligands: LGD1069, LG100268, AGN194204, and LG101506, a selective RXR modulator. Similar to selective modulators of other nuclear receptors such as the estrogen receptor (SERMs), LG101506 binding to RXR selectively maintains the desirable characteristic effects of rexinoids while minimizing the undesirable effects. These recent findings suggest that, with continued research efforts, RXR-specific ligands with improved pharmacological profiles may eventually be available as additional treatment options for the current epidemic of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and all of the associated metabolic sequelae.

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Copyright © 2007 Jane A. Pinaire and Anne Reifel-Miller. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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