To Live or to Die: Prosurvival Activity of PPAR𝜸 in Cancers

Table 4

PPAR𝛾 expression in human tumor versus normal tissues.

Tumor versus normal tissue	No. of cases	References
Overexpression
Prostate cancer/prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia	156/15	[13]
Renal cell carcinoma	126	[14]
Nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma	22	[15]
Hepatocellular carcinoma/lymph node metastasis	20/6	[16]
Squamous cell carcinoma	20	[17]
Metastatic breast adenocarcinoma	6	[20]
Infiltrating ductal breast adenocarcinoma	3	[18]
Papillary thyroid carcinoma	6(a)	[19]
Increased expression during tumor progression
Breast adenocarcinoma	1(b)	[20]
Ovarian carcinoma	28 versus 28(c)	[21]
Urinary bladder carcinoma	100 versus 70(d)	[22]
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	45 versus 84(e)	[23]
Similar expression
Colorectal adenocarcinoma	11	[24]
Gastric adenocarcinoma	12	[25]
Liposarcoma	13	[26]
Adrenocortical tumors	32	[27]

(a) Of the six papillary carcinoma tissues, three expressed PPAR𝛾 mRNA.
(b) The primary and metastatic breast cancer cell lines were derived from a single patient.
(c) Normal, benign, or borderline versus malignant tumors (grades 1, 2, and 3).
(d) Lower (≤pT1) versus higher (≥pT2) tumor stages.
(e) Lower (pT1 & pT2) versus higher (pT3 & pT4) tumor stages.