PPAR Research

Review Article

Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation by PPAR

Effects of PPARβ/δ on cell proliferation and differentiation.


Cell type	Exp. approach	Role of PPAR β/δ in		Affected pathway	References
Cell type	Exp. approach	Prolif.	Diff.	Affected pathway	References

Epithelial cells

Keratinocyte	Agonist, wt versus null			AKT	[11]
Keratinocyte	Agonist, wt versus null			ERK	[12–17]
Keratinocyte	Agonist, RNAi, wt versus null				[18, 19]
Adipocyte	Agonist, wt versus null			PPARγ	[20–22]
Trophoblast	wt versus null			AKT	[10, 23]
Paneth cells (in vivo)	wt versus null			Hedgehog	[24]
Hepatic stellate cell	Agonist				[25]
Oligodendrocyte	Agonist				[26]

Mesenchymal cells

Fibroblast	Agonist		()	G0S2^, PTEN	[27]
Fibroblast	wt versus null, re-expression in null			p5	[28, 29]
Vascular smooth muscle cells	Agonist			PDGF	[30]
Tumor endothelium	wt versus null				[29]
Endothelial cells	Agonist				[31]

Human tumor cell lines

MCF-7 breast carcinoma; UACC903 melanoma	Agonist				[32]
HT29, HCT116, LS-174T colon carcinoma; HepG2, HuH7 hepatoma	Agonist				[33]
HCT116 colon carcinoma	RNAi				[34]
SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma	Agonist				[35]
NSC lung carcinoma	Agonist			AKT, NFκB	[36]
A549 NSC lung ca.	Agonist				[37]

^*transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts.
^**G0S2: G0/G1 switch gene 2 (cell cycle inhibitor).