Peroxisome Proliferators-Activated Receptor (PPAR) Modulators and Metabolic Disorders
Figure 1
Adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis) and transcriptional events in
adipogenesis. A pluripotent stem cell precursor gives rise to a multipotential
mesenchymal precursor cell with a potential to differentiate into an adipocyte.
The preadipocyte enters the adipogenesis stage via environmental and gene
expression signals. In an early stage of adipogenesis, major transcriptional
factors such as PPARγ and C/EBPα are expressed, and these factors strongly
regulate the expressions of adipogenesis-related genes. The adipocyte secretes
various factors, including adipokines, and the secreted factors play an important
role in glucose and lipid metabolism, immune system, appetite regulation, and
vascular disease. LCFAs: long-chain fatty acids; PGI2: prostacyclin;
LIF: leukemia inhibitory factor; GH: growth hormone; ADD-1: adipocyte
determination and differentiation factor-1; FABPs: fatty acid-binding proteins.
