Review Article

PPAR 𝛾 and Apoptosis in Cancer

Table 2

Combination of anticancer drugs with PPAR ligands enhances tumor cell death.

PPAR agonist + antitumor agent PPAR Tumor type Molecular mediator(s) of apoptosis Reference

Troglitazone or ciglitazone or GW1929 + TRAILIndependentLungDR5, c-FLIP[34]
15d-PGJ2 + TRAILIndependentLeukemia, prostateDR5[47]
Troglitazone + TRAILIndependentGlioblastoma, neuroblastomac-FLIP, survivin, DR5[52]
Rosiglitazone + TRAILIndependentRenal, glioma, breast, prostateROS, DR5, c-FLIP[49]
15d-PGJ2 or ciglitazone or troglitazone or CDDO or CDDO-Me + TRAILIndependentProstate, ovarian, colonc-FLIP[50]
Troglitazone + TRAIL or troglitazone + etoposide or paclitaxelIndependentGliomaPTP1B, STAT3, c-FLIP, Bcl-2[53]
15d-PGJ2 + MK886 DependentLungPPAR, RXR[54]
15d-PGJ2 + Indomethacin
Ciglitazone + MK886 + 13-cis-retinoic acid
Rosiglitazone + LG100268 or all transretinoic acid Dependent and independentLeukemia, lymphoma, myelomaBcl-2, caspase-9[55]
15d-PGJ2 + LG100268 or all trans-retinoic acid
CDDO + LG100268 or all transretinoic acid
Rosiglitazone + carboplatinDependentLung, ovarian, colon MT1H, MT1X, MTIIA[56]
TZD18 + imatinibIndependentLeukemiaBax, NF-B[57, 58]
RS5444 + paclitaxelDependentThyroidp21WAF1/CIP1[59]
15dPGJ2 + docetaxelIndependentLungBcl-2, BAD, cyclin D1, p53[60]