Vanin-1 likely represents a direct target gene. (a) Vnn1 expression in livers of ad libitum fed and 24 h fasted wildtype and mice. (b) Vnn1 expression in liver, (c) small intestine, and (d) large intestine of wildtype and mice 6 h after administration of a single oral dose of Wy14643 (4 mg), fenofibrate (4 mg), and synthetic triglycerides triolein, trilinolein, trilinolenin, trieicosapentaenoin, or tridocosahexaenoin (400 mL). (e) HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with reporters (PPRE)3-TK-LUC or PPRE-Vnn1-LUC (PPRE present in intron 3-4 of the Vnn1 gene cloned into pGL3-promoter) and expression plasmid (pSG5). After transfection, cells were treated with WY14643 (50 M) for 24 hours followed by determination of luciferase and -galactosidase activities in the cell lysates. Luciferase activities were normalized to -galactosidase, and the relative luciferase activity of the cells treated with DMSO was set to 1. Error bars represent SEM.
