| PPAR | Ligand type | Potential agonists |
|
PPARA | Endogenous | Fatty acids (lauric acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (Xenopus), docosahexaenoic acid (Xenopus), petroselinic acid (Xenopus), oleic acid (Xenopus), and elaidic acid (Xenopus)) [66, 67] Eicosanoids (fatty acid-derived) (e.g., leukotriene B4) [68, 69] Prostaglandin J2 (fatty acid-derived) [70] Endocannabinoids [71] | Synthetic | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [72] Fibrates (e.g., gemfibrozil, Bezafibrate, clofibrate, fenofibrate, ciprofibrate, pirinixic acid (Wy 14643), and GW2331) [3, 67, 73, 74] ETYA (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid) (Xenopus) [66] |
|
PPARD | Endogenous | Fatty acids (e.g., docosahexaenoic acid, linoleic acid) [69] Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) components [75] | Synthetic | Fibrates (Wy-14,643, Bezafibrate) [69] GW501516, GW800644 [76, 77] |
|
PPARG | Endogenous | Fatty acids (docosahexaenoic acid, linoleic acid (mouse)) [14, 69] Prostaglandin J2 metabolite 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-PGJ2 [70, 78] | Synthetic | NSAIDs [72] Thiazolidinediones [79] ETYA (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid) (mouse) [14] Prostaglandin J2 derivatives [70, 78] Fibrates (Bezafibrate, clofibrate, and GW2331) [14, 67] |
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