Thiazolidinediones and Edema: Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Thiazolidinediones-Induced Renal Sodium Retention

Table 1

The proposed targets and effects of TZDs in PT and TAL.

Nephron segment	Targets	Species	Materials	Effects	Citation
PT	NBCe1	Rat; Rabbit; Human	Isolated proximal tubule	Stimulation of transport	[12]
PT	NHE3	Rabbit	Isolated proximal tubule	Stimulation of activity	[12]
PT	NHE3	Sprague-Dawley rat	Total kidney homogenate	Enhancement of protein expression	[13]
TAL	NKCC2	Sprague-Dawley rat	Total kidney homogenate	Enhancement of protein expression	[13]