The Correlation of PPARα Activity and Cardiomyocyte Metabolism and Structure in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy during Heart Failure Progression

Figure 1

Changes in PPAR activity and in the related genes involved in fatty acid and glucose metabolism in the myocardium of the human heart during heart failure progression. Myocardial expression of (a) PPAR mRNA; (b) FAT/CD36 mRNA; (c) CPT-1 mRNA; (d) GLUT-4 mRNA; (e) PDK-4 mRNA. GPDH was used as a housekeeping gene. Results are presented as mean ± SEM; versus control; ^# versus Group (I); PPAR expression in myocardial tissue section. (f) Morphometric analysis of cardiomyocyte population with PPAR-positive nuclei; results are presented as mean ± SEM; versus control; ^# versus Group (I); versus Group (II). (g) A representative image showing the expression of PPAR in the myocardial tissue section of the heart patient from Group (II).

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