Local Anesthetic Wound Infiltration after Osteosynthesis of Extracapsular Hip Fracture Does Not Reduce Pain or Opioid Requirements: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial in 49 Patients

Table 4

Complications and side effects.

	Group		Intervention/placebo (n)^2	p-value
	Intervention (ropivacaine)	Placebo (saline)
Nausea (VRS 1–4):
VRS at POD 1	1 (1-1)^1	1 (1-1)^1	11/20	0.1
VRS at POD 2	1 (1-1)^1	1 (1-1)^1	11/20	0.3
VRS at POD 3	1 (1-1)^1	1 (1-1)^1	8/16	0.7
VRS at POD 4	1 (1-1)^1	1 (1-1)^1	6/9	0.4
VRS at POD 5	1 (1-2)^1	1 (1-1)^1	5/6	0.8
Pneumonia (n)^2	2	1	23/26	0.6
Urinary tract infection (n)^2	3	6	23/26	0.5
Other complications (n)^2	5^3	1^4	23/26	0.1

VRS: Verbal Rating Scale; POD: postoperative day. ¹Values are median (interquartile ranges). ²n: number of registrations in the two groups. ³One anaphylactic reaction with pruritus and decrease in blood pressure after administration of dicloxacillin preoperatively. Good response to H₁ antagonist and hydrocortisone. One case of suspected deep vein thrombosis which was disproved by ultrasonography. One case of diverticular bleeding on POD 7. One case of atrial flutter preoperatively. One case of anemia (Hb 4.8) at admission. ⁴One case of minor cerebral infarction on POD 8.